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Original Article

The Aetiology of Acute Middle Ear Infection

, , &
Pages 149-158 | Received 10 Nov 1963, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

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Read on this site (21)

Inge Panum Jensen & Tove Ejlertsen. (1990) Reappearance of Group: A Streptococci in Acute Otitis Media. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 22:4, pages 431-435.
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Karin Prellner & Roland Rydell. (1986) Acute Mastoiditis: Influence of Antibiotic Treatment on the Bacterial Spectrum. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 102:1-2, pages 52-56.
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Arne Ohlsson & Theodore Bailey. (1985) Neonatal Pneumonia Caused by Branhamella Catarrhalis. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 17:2, pages 225-228.
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P. Karma, T. Virtanen, J. Pukander, M. Sipilä, J. Luotonen, M. Timonen, E. Herva & P. Grönroos. (1985) Branhamella catarrhalis in Acute Otitis Media. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 99:3-4, pages 285-290.
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Christer Rosén, Arne Forsgren, Thorvald Löfkvist & Mats Walder. (1983) Acute Otitis Media in Older Children and Adults Treated with Phenoxymethyl Penicillin Or Erythromycin Stearate: Bacteriological and Immunological Aspects. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 96:3-4, pages 247-253.
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J. Pukander. (1983) Clinical Features of Acute Otitis Media Among Children. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 95:1-4, pages 117-122.
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P. Karma, J. Luotonen, J. Pukander, M. Sipila, E. Herva & P. Gronroos. (1983) Haemophilus Influenzae in Acute Otitis Media. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 95:1-4, pages 105-110.
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Jukka Luotonen, Elja Herva, Pekka Karma, Matti Timonen, Maija Leinonen & P. Helena Mäkelä. (1981) The Bacteriology of Acute Otitis Media in Children with Special Reference to Streptococcus Pneumoniae as Studied by Bacteriological and Antigen Detection Methods. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 13:3, pages 177-183.
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. (1981) References. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 92:sup375, pages 144-157.
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Morris Solotorovsky, Melvyn Lynn & Ram P. Tewari. (1978) Haemophilus Influenzae: Immunology and Immunoprotection. CRC Critical Reviews in Microbiology 6:1, pages 1-32.
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E. A. Lahikainen, M. Vuori & S. Virtanen. (1977) Azidocillin and Ampicillin Concentrations in Middle Ear Effusion. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 84:1-6, pages 227-232.
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Carl Kamme, Mats Ageberg & Kaj Lundgren. (1970) Distribution of Diplococcus Pneumoniae Types in Acute Otitis Media in Children and Influence of the Types on the Clinical Course in Penicillin V Therapy. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 2:3, pages 183-190.
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Carl Kamme. (1970) Evaluation of the in Vitro Sensitivity of Neisseria Catarrhalis to Antibiotics with Respect to Acute Otitis Media. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 2:2, pages 117-120.
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Carl Kamme, Kaj Lundgren & Hans Rundcrantz. (1969) The Concentration of Penicillin V in Serum and Middle Ear Exudate in Acute Otitis Media in Children. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 1:2, pages 77-83.
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Lawrence W. DeSanto & Gunnar B. Stickler. (1969) Acute Otitis Media in Children. Postgraduate Medicine 45:5, pages 210-215.
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Karl R. Reinhard, Bob E. Huntley, Robert A. Becker, Robert N. Philip & Harriet Jackson. (1969) Bacteriological Studies on Exudative Otitis Media Occurring in Six Communities of Alaskan Natives. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 68:sup260, pages 5-36.
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J. A. Grönroos, Leena Vihma, A. Salmivalli & B. Berglund. (1968) Coexisting Viral (Respiratory Syncytial) And Bacterial (Pneumococcus) Otitis Media In Children. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 65:1-6, pages 505-517.
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B. Berglund, A. Salmivalli & P. Toivanen. (1966) Isolation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus from Middle Ear Exudates of Infants. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 61:1-6, pages 475-487.
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S. Ingelstedt & H. Rundcrantz. (1966) Therapeutic Mastoidocentesis in Pseudomonas-Mastoiditis. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 62:1-6, pages 1-7.
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Articles from other publishers (43)

Aino Ruohola, Olli Meurman, Simo Nikkari, Tuukka Skottman, Terho Heikkinen & Olli Ruuskanen. (2007) The Dynamics of Bacteria in the Middle Ear During the Course of Acute Otitis Media With Tympanostomy Tube Otorrhea. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 26:10, pages 892-896.
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Johanna Nokso-Koivisto, Tapani Hovi & Anne Pitkäranta. (2006) Viral upper respiratory tract infections in young children with emphasis on acute otitis media. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 70:8, pages 1333-1342.
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Arto A. I. Palmu, Elja Herva, Helja Savolainen, Pekka Karma, P. Helena Makela & Terhi M. Kilpi. (2004) Association of Clinical Signs and Symptoms with Bacterial Findings in Acute Otitis Media. Clinical Infectious Diseases 38:2, pages 234-242.
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Terho Heikkinen & Tasnee Chonmaitree. (2003) Importance of Respiratory Viruses in Acute Otitis Media. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 16:2, pages 230-241.
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TERHI KILPI, ELJA HERVA, TARJA KAIJALAINEN, RITVA SYRJÄNEN & AINO K. TAKALA. (2001) Bacteriology of acute otitis media in a cohort of Finnish children followed for the first two years of life. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 20:7, pages 654-662.
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STEPHEN I. PELTON & JEROME O. KLEIN. (1999) The promise of immunoprophylaxis for prevention of acute otitis media. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 18:10, pages 926-935.
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TASNEE CHONMAITREE & TERHO HEIKKINEN. (1997) Role of Viruses in Middle-ear Disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 830:1 Immunologic D, pages 143-157.
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P. Bégé & B. Quinet. (1996) Les otites à virus et à bactéries intra-cellulaires existent-elles ?. Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 26, pages 20-24.
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PAOLA MARCHISIO, NICOLA PRINCIPI, STEFANIA SORELLA, EMANUELA SALA & RAFFAELLA TORNAGHI. (1996) Etiology of acute otitis media in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 15:1, pages 58-61.
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B W Catlin. (1990) Branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 3:4, pages 293-320.
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Roxanne Truhn & Isabel Leader. (1983) Pneumonia due to beta-lactamase-negative Branhamella catarrhalis. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 5:20, pages 140-141.
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Colin D. Marchant & Paul A. Shurin. (1983) Therapy of Otitis Media. Pediatric Clinics of North America 30:2, pages 281-296.
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Ferit Tovi & Alberto Leiberman. (1983) Silent mastoiditis and bilateral simultaneous facial palsy. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 5, pages 303-307.
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David W. Teele. (1982) Respiratory syncytial virus and otitis media with effusion. The Journal of Pediatrics 101:1, pages 61-62.
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Bronka Brzin. (1981) Branhamella catarrhalis as a human pathogen and a possible hospital infectant. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale. A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie 249:4, pages 483-486.
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L. Sundberg & S. Ernstson. 1981. Developments in Antibiotic Treatment of Respiratory Infections. Developments in Antibiotic Treatment of Respiratory Infections 98 115 .
P. Karma, J. Luotonen, J. Pukander, M. Leinonen, M. Timonen, E. Herva, M. Sibakov, S. Pöntynen, P. Grönroos & P. H. Mäkelä. (2016) Efficacy of Pneumococcal Vaccination against Recurrent Otitis Media. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 89:3_suppl, pages 357-362.
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John L. SloyerJr.Jr., Laurel J. Karr, John H. Ploussard & Gerald D. Schiffman. (2016) Immunologic Response to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Infants. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 89:3_suppl, pages 351-356.
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Jerome O. Klein. (2016) Microbiology of Otitis Media. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 89:3_suppl, pages 98-101.
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M K Leinonen. (1980) Detection of Pneumococcal Capsular polysaccharide antigens by latex agglutination, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, and radioimmunoassay in middle ear exudates in acute otitis media. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 11:2, pages 135-140.
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P. Haugsten & P. Lorentzen. (2007) The bacterial etiology of acute suppurative otitis media. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 94:2, pages 169-176.
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M Leinonen & A Sivonen. (1979) Serological grouping of meningococci and encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae strains by latex agglutination. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 10:4, pages 404-408.
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Thomas J. Balkany, Steven A. Berman, Michael A. Simmons & Bruce W. Jafek. (2009) Middle ear effusions in neonates. The Laryngoscope 88:3, pages 398-405.
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RINYA SUGITA. (1978) Current Tendency of Clinical Bacteriology in Otorhinolaryngology耳鼻咽喉科領域感染症における最近の傾向について. Juntendo Medical Journal 24:3, pages 284-290.
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John A. Bosso & Jerald R. Jackman. (2016) Acute Otitis Media. Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy 11:11, pages 665-671.
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A. Jokipii & L. Jokipii. (1977) Haemophilus influenzae in otitis media and sinusitis: Serotypes and susceptibility to ampicillin and amoxycillin in vitroIsolierung von Haemophilus influenzae bei Otitis Media und Sinusitis: Serotypen und In-vitro-Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Ampicillin und Amoxycillin. Infection 5:3, pages 140-143.
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M Finland & M W Barnes. (1977) Changes in occurrence of capsular serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae at Boston City Hospital during selected years between 1935 and 1974. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 5:2, pages 154-166.
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Charles M. Ginsburg & Heinz F. Eichenwald. (1976) Erythromycin: A review of its uses in pediatric practice. The Journal of Pediatrics 89:6, pages 872-884.
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Paul A. Shurin. (2016) Antibacterial Therapy and Middle Ear Effusions. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 85:2_suppl, pages 250-253.
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Jerome O. Klein & David W. Teele. (2016) Isolation of Viruses and Mycoplasmas from Middle Ear Effusions: A Review. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 85:2_suppl, pages 140-144.
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John L. SloyerJr.Jr., Virgil M. Howie, John H. Ploussard, Arthur J. Amman, Robert Austrian & Richard B. JohnstonJr.Jr.. (1974) Immune Response to Acute Otitis Media in Children I. Serotypes Isolated and Serum and Middle Ear Fluid Antibody in Pneumococcal Otitis Media. Infection and Immunity 9:6, pages 1028-1032.
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Charles D. Bluestone & Paul A. Shurin. (1974) Middle Ear Disease in Children. Pediatric Clinics of North America 21:2, pages 379-400.
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Karl M. Morgenstein & Hong Il Seung. (1971) PSEUDOMONAS MASTOIDITIS. The Laryngoscope 81:2, pages 200-215.
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Jerome O. Klein & Sydney S. Gellis. (1971) Diagnostic Needle Aspiration in Pediatric Practice: With Special Reference to Lungs, Middle Ear, Urinary Bladder, and Amniotic Cavity. Pediatric Clinics of North America 18:1, pages 219-231.
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Peter Adlington & Joan R. Davies. (2007) Virus Studies in Secretory Otitis Media. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 83:2, pages 161-173.
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P. S. Leela Naidu & P. Lakshmipathi. (1967) Bacteriology of acute suppuratiree otitis media. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology 19:4, pages 158-163.
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J. G. Tilles, J. O. Klein, R. L. Jao, J. E. HaslamJr.Jr., M. Feingold, S. S. Gellis & M. Finland. (1967) Acute Otitis Media in Children. New England Journal of Medicine 277:12, pages 613-618.
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James W. Bass, Saul H. Coen, Joseph D. Corless & Peter Mamunes. (1967) AMPICILLIN TRIHYDRATE IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA IN CHILDREN. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 145:2 Comparative A, pages 379-386.
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Murray Feingold. (2016) Acute Otitis Media in Children. Clinical Pediatrics 6:5, pages 255-257.
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J.V. Dadswell. (1967) BACTERIA IN ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA. The Lancet 289:7487, pages 442-443.
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N.A. Simmons & J.D. Williams. (1967) α-NAPHTHYLAMINE TEST FOR BACTERIURIA. The Lancet 289:7487, pages 442.
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JamesG. Sommerville. (1967) DIPHTHEROIDS AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. The Lancet 289:7487, pages 442.
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B. Berglund, A. Salmivalli, P. Toivanen & J. Wickstrom. (1966) Isolation of respiratory syncytial virus from middle ear exudates of infants.. Archives of Disease in Childhood 41:219, pages 554-555.
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