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Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 16, 1986 - Issue 10-11
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Original Article

The metabolism of intense sweeteners

Pages 1057-1071 | Published online: 30 Sep 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (4)

Ruonan Zhou, Sijia Lu, Yali Song, Xiaoyan Ma, Xueyan Li, Jia Jia & Yang Deng. (2021) Occurrence of Emerging Contaminant Acesulfame in Water Treatment System and Its Degradation during Ozone Oxidation. Ozone: Science & Engineering 43:2, pages 185-194.
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B. A. Magnuson, G. A. Burdock, J. Doull, R. M. Kroes, G. M. Marsh, M. W. Pariza, P. S. Spencer, W. J. Waddell, R. Walker & G. M. Williams. (2007) Aspartame: A Safety Evaluation Based on Current Use Levels, Regulations, and Toxicological and Epidemiological Studies. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 37:8, pages 629-727.
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Alicja Mortensen. (2006) Sweeteners permitted in the European Union: safety aspects. Scandinavian Journal of Food and Nutrition 50:3, pages 104-116.
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A. G. Renwick. (1990) Acceptable daily intake and the regulation of intense sweeteners. Food Additives & Contaminants 7:4, pages 463-475.
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Articles from other publishers (84)

Eleonora Gvozdić, Ivana Matić Bujagić, Tatjana Đurkić & Svetlana Grujić. (2023) Untreated wastewater impact and environmental risk assessment of artificial sweeteners in river water and sediments of the Danube River Basin in Serbia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 30:35, pages 84583-84594.
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Andrea Conz, Mario Salmona & Luisa Diomede. (2023) Effect of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners on the Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 15:8, pages 1869.
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Miguel Angel Marazuela, Giovanni Formentin, Klaus Erlmeier & Thilo Hofmann. (2023) Seasonal biodegradation of the artificial sweetener acesulfame enhances its use as a transient wastewater tracer. Water Research 232, pages 119670.
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Miguel Angel Marazuela, Giovanni Formentin, Klaus Erlmeier & Thilo Hofmann. (2023) Acesulfame allows the tracing of multiple sources of wastewater and riverbank filtration. Environmental Pollution 323, pages 121223.
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Aisha Zaman, Jishnu Chakraborty, Sumon Santra, Baba Gabi, Jonathan Tersur Orasugh, Priya Banerjee & Dipankar Chattopadhyay. 2023. Membranes for Water Treatment and Remediation. Membranes for Water Treatment and Remediation 157 208 .
François BlachierFrançois Blachier. 2023. Metabolism of Alimentary Compounds by the Intestinal Microbiota and Health. Metabolism of Alimentary Compounds by the Intestinal Microbiota and Health 45 144 .
Sandro Castronovo, Lissa Helmholz, David Wolff, Jan Struckmann Poulsen, Jeppe Lund Nielsen, Thomas A. Ternes, Torsten C. Schmidt & Arne Wick. (2022) Protein Fractionation and Shotgun Proteomics Analysis of Enriched Bacterial Cultures Shed New Light on the Enzymatically Catalyzed Degradation of Acesulfame. Water Research, pages 119535.
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Anna M. R. Hayes, Linda Tsan, Alicia E. Kao, Grace M. Schwartz, Léa Décarie-Spain, Logan Tierno Lauer, Molly E. Klug, Lindsey A. Schier & Scott E. Kanoski. (2022) Early Life Low-Calorie Sweetener Consumption Impacts Energy Balance during Adulthood. Nutrients 14:22, pages 4709.
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V. Kerberová, H. Zlámalová Gargošová & J. Čáslavský. (2021) Occurrence and ecotoxicity of selected artificial sweeteners in the Brno city waste water. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 19:9, pages 9055-9066.
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Zhongzhi Sun, Wenju Wang, Leyuan Li, Xu Zhang, Zhibin Ning, Janice Mayne, Krystal Walker, Alain Stintzi & Daniel Figeys. (2022) Comprehensive Assessment of Functional Effects of Commonly Used Sugar Substitute Sweeteners on Ex Vivo Human Gut Microbiome . Microbiology Spectrum 10:4.
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Irene L. Richardson & Steven A. Frese. (2022) Non-nutritive sweeteners and their impacts on the gut microbiome and host physiology. Frontiers in Nutrition 9.
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M.B. Parent. (2022) Using Postmeal Measures and Manipulations to Investigate Hippocampal Mnemonic Control of Eating Behavior. Neuroscience 497, pages 228-238.
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Aishwarya Murali, Varun Giri, Hunter James Cameron, Saskia Sperber, Franziska Maria Zickgraf, Volker Haake, Peter Driemert, Tilmann Walk, Hennicke Kamp, Ivonne MCM. Rietjens & Bennard van Ravenzwaay. (2022) Investigating the gut microbiome and metabolome following treatment with artificial sweeteners acesulfame potassium and saccharin in young adult Wistar rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 165, pages 113123.
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Marise B. Parent, Suzanne Higgs, Lucy G. Cheke & Scott E. Kanoski. (2022) Memory and eating: A bidirectional relationship implicated in obesity. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 132, pages 110-129.
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Gopinath Mummaleti, Chayanika Sarma, Suresh Kumar Kalakandan, Himabindu Gazula, Vignesh Sivanandham & Arunkumar Anandharaj. (2022) Characterization of levan produced from coconut inflorescence sap using Bacillus subtilis and its application as a sweetener. LWT 154, pages 112697.
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Isabel Schödl & Falk Hilliges. (2021) Vorkommen künstlicher Süßstoffe in deutschen GrundwässernOccurence of artificial sweeteners in German groundwater aquifers. Grundwasser 26:4, pages 357-365.
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Abigail Raffner Basson, Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios & Fabio Cominelli. (2021) Artificial Sweeteners: History and New Concepts on Inflammation. Frontiers in Nutrition 8.
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S.B. Briggs, C.B. Ware, K. Sharma, S.C. Davis, R.T. Lalumiere & M.B. Parent. (2021) Postmeal optogenetic inhibition of dorsal hippocampal principal neurons increases future intake in a time-dependent manner. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 183, pages 107478.
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Liping Liu, Peng Zhang, Yuanxin Wang, Weiwei Cui & Dong Li. (2021) The relationship between the use of artificial sweeteners and cancer: A meta‐analysis of case–control studies. Food Science & Nutrition 9:8, pages 4589-4597.
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Sherri B. Briggs, Reilly Hannapel, Janavi Ramesh & Marise B. Parent. (2021) Inhibiting ventral hippocampal NMDA receptors and Arc increases energy intake in male rats . Learning & Memory 28:6, pages 187-194.
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Andrea R. Gómez‐Fernández, Arlette Santacruz & Daniel A. Jacobo‐Velázquez. (2021) The complex relationship between metabolic syndrome and sweeteners. Journal of Food Science 86:5, pages 1511-1531.
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Margaux R. Mora & Robin Dando. (2021) The sensory properties and metabolic impact of natural and synthetic sweeteners. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 20:2, pages 1554-1583.
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Dominic O'Connor, Michelle Pang, Gabriele Castelnuovo, Graham Finlayson, Ellen Blaak, Catherine Gibbons, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Eva Almiron-Roig, Jo Harrold, Anne Raben & J. Alfredo Martinez. (2021) A rational review on the effects of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers on appetite, food reward and metabolic/adiposity outcomes in adults. Food & Function 12:2, pages 442-465.
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Michelle D. Pang, Gijs H. Goossens & Ellen E. Blaak. (2021) The Impact of Artificial Sweeteners on Body Weight Control and Glucose Homeostasis. Frontiers in Nutrition 7.
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Eleonora Gvozdić, Ivana Matić Bujagić, Tatjana Đurkić & Svetlana Grujić. (2020) Trace analysis of artificial sweeteners in environmental waters, wastewater and river sediments by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Microchemical Journal 157, pages 105071.
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Kerry Belton, Edward Schaefer & Patrick D Guiney. (2020) A Review of the Environmental Fate and Effects of Acesulfame‐Potassium. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 16:4, pages 421-437.
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Julio Plaza-Diaz, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Ascensión Rueda-Robles, Francisco Abadia-Molina & Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda. (2020) Plausible Biological Interactions of Low- and Non-Calorie Sweeteners with the Intestinal Microbiota: An Update of Recent Studies. Nutrients 12:4, pages 1153.
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Wiebke Warner, Tobias Licha & Karsten Nödler. (2019) Qualitative and quantitative use of micropollutants as source and process indicators. A review. Science of The Total Environment 686, pages 75-89.
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Alessandro Leone, Ramona De Amicis, Chiara Lessa, Anna Tagliabue, Claudia Trentani, Cinzia Ferraris, Alberto Battezzati, Pierangelo Veggiotti, Andrea Foppiani, Simone Ravella & Simona Bertoli. (2019) Food and Food Products on the Italian Market for Ketogenic Dietary Treatment of Neurological Diseases. Nutrients 11:5, pages 1104.
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Alexandra R. Lobach, Ashley Roberts & Ian R. Rowland. (2019) Assessing the in vivo data on low/no-calorie sweeteners and the gut microbiota. Food and Chemical Toxicology 124, pages 385-399.
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Lindsay K. Jmaiff Blackstock, Nicholas J.P. Wawryk, Ping Jiang, Steve E. Hrudey & Xing-Fang Li. (2019) Recent applications and critical evaluation of using artificial sweeteners to assess wastewater impact. Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health 7, pages 26-33.
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Reilly Hannapel, Janavi Ramesh, Amy Ross, Ryan T. LaLumiere, Aaron G. Roseberry & Marise B. Parent. (2019) Postmeal Optogenetic Inhibition of Dorsal or Ventral Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons Increases Future Intake. eneuro 6:1, pages ENEURO.0457-18.2018.
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Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda, Julio Plaza-Díaz, Maria Jose Sáez-Lara & Angel Gil. (2019) Effects of Sweeteners on the Gut Microbiota: A Review of Experimental Studies and Clinical Trials. Advances in Nutrition 10, pages S31-S48.
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Akio Makishima. 2019. Biochemistry for Materials Science. Biochemistry for Materials Science 219 231 .
Malini Ghosh, Pankaj Chowdhury & Ajay K. Ray. (2018) Study of solar photocatalytic degradation of Acesulfame K to limit the outpouring of artificial sweeteners. Separation and Purification Technology 207, pages 51-57.
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John I. Glendinning. (2018) Oral and Post‐Oral Actions of Low‐Calorie Sweeteners: A Tale of Contradictions and Controversies. Obesity 26:S3.
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Emily Myers, Erin Passaro & Valisa Hedrick. (2018) The Reproducibility and Comparative Validity of a Non-Nutritive Sweetener Food Frequency Questionnaire. Nutrients 10:3, pages 334.
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Guido Rychen, Gabriele Aquilina, Giovanna Azimonti, Vasileios Bampidis, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Georges Bories, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Gerhard Flachowsky, Jürgen Gropp, Boris Kolar, Maryline Kouba, Marta López‐Alonso, Secundino López Puente, Alberto Mantovani, Baltasar Mayo, Fernando Ramos, Maria Saarela, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Robert John Wallace, Pieter Wester, Paul Brantom, Birgit Dusemund, Patrick Van Beelen, Johannes Westendorf, Lucilla Gregoretti, Paola Manini & Andrew Chesson. (2018) Safety and efficacy of sodium saccharin when used as a feed flavour for piglets, pigs for fattening, calves for rearing and calves for fattening. EFSA Journal 16:3.
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John Spoelstra, Natalie D. Senger & Sherry L. Schiff. (2017) Artificial Sweeteners Reveal Septic System Effluent in Rural Groundwater. Journal of Environmental Quality 46:6, pages 1434-1443.
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Nitzan Koppel, Vayu Maini Rekdal & Emily P. Balskus. (2017) Chemical transformation of xenobiotics by the human gut microbiota. Science 356:6344.
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Caomhan Logue, Le Roy C. Dowey, J. J. Strain, Hans Verhagen, Stephen McClean & Alison M. Gallagher. (2017) Application of Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry To Determine Urinary Concentrations of Five Commonly Used Low-Calorie Sweeteners: A Novel Biomarker Approach for Assessing Recent Intakes?. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 65:22, pages 4516-4525.
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Lindsay K. Jmaiff Blackstock, Wei Wang, Sai Vemula, Benjamin T. Jaeger & Xing-Fang Li. (2017) Sweetened Swimming Pools and Hot Tubs. Environmental Science & Technology Letters 4:4, pages 149-153.
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Elnaz Karimian Azari, Kathleen R Smith, Fanchao Yi, Timothy F Osborne, Roberto Bizzotto, Andrea Mari, Richard E Pratley & George A Kyriazis. (2017) Inhibition of sweet chemosensory receptors alters insulin responses during glucose ingestion in healthy adults: a randomized crossover interventional study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 105:4, pages 1001-1009.
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Sandro Castronovo, Arne Wick, Marco Scheurer, Karsten Nödler, Manoj Schulz & Thomas A. Ternes. (2017) Biodegradation of the artificial sweetener acesulfame in biological wastewater treatment and sandfilters. Water Research 110, pages 342-353.
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Reilly C. Hannapel, Yoko H. Henderson, Rebecca Nalloor, Almira Vazdarjanova & Marise B. Parent. (2017) Ventral hippocampal neurons inhibit postprandial energy intake. Hippocampus 27:3, pages 274-284.
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María Rico, María Jesús Andrés-Costa & Yolanda Picó. (2017) Estimating population size in wastewater-based epidemiology. Valencia metropolitan area as a case study. Journal of Hazardous Materials 323, pages 156-165.
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Bernadene A. Magnuson, Michael C. Carakostas, Nadia H. Moore, Sylvia P. Poulos & Andrew G. Renwick. (2016) Biological fate of low-calorie sweeteners. Nutrition Reviews 74:11, pages 670-689.
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Jodi E. Nettleton, Raylene A. Reimer & Jane Shearer. (2016) Reshaping the gut microbiota: Impact of low calorie sweeteners and the link to insulin resistance?. Physiology & Behavior 164, pages 488-493.
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John I. Glendinning. (2016) Do low-calorie sweeteners promote weight gain in rodents?. Physiology & Behavior 164, pages 509-513.
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Marise B. Parent. (2016) Cognitive control of meal onset and meal size: Role of dorsal hippocampal-dependent episodic memory. Physiology & Behavior 162, pages 112-119.
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Sandrine P Claus, Hervé Guillou & Sandrine Ellero-Simatos. (2016) The gut microbiota: a major player in the toxicity of environmental pollutants?. npj Biofilms and Microbiomes 2:1.
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Marisa Spencer, Amit Gupta, Lauren Van Dam, Carol Shannon, Stacy Menees & William D Chey. (2016) Artificial Sweeteners: A Systematic Review and Primer for Gastroenterologists. Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 22:2, pages 168-180.
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Yoko O. Henderson, Rebecca Nalloor, Almira Vazdarjanova & Marise B. Parent. (2015) Sweet orosensation induces A rc expression in dorsal hippocampal CA 1 neurons in an E xperience‐dependent manner . Hippocampus 26:3, pages 405-413.
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A. Mishra, K. Ahmed, S. Froghi & P. Dasgupta. (2015) Systematic review of the relationship between artificial sweetener consumption and cancer in humans: analysis of 599,741 participants. International Journal of Clinical Practice 69:12, pages 1418-1426.
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