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Research Article

A comparison of medical students’ self-reported empathy with simulated patients’ assessments of the students’ empathy

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Pages 388-391 | Published online: 25 Apr 2011

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Barret Michalec, J. Jon Veloski, Mohammadreza Hojat & Mark L. Tykocinski. (2015) Identifying potential engaging leaders within medical education: The role of positive influence on peers. Medical Teacher 37:7, pages 677-683.
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Mohammadreza Hojat, James B. Erdmann & Joseph S. Gonnella. (2013) Personality assessments and outcomes in medical education and the practice of medicine: AMEE Guide No. 79. Medical Teacher 35:7, pages e1267-e1301.
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Alastair V. Campbell. (2011) The teaching of medical ethics. Medical Teacher 33:5, pages 349-350.
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Articles from other publishers (53)

Christiane R. Herber-Valdez, Julie A. Blow, Tammy T. Salazar, Kathryn V. Horn, Dyanne G. Herrera, Naomi L. Lacy, Lisa Beinhoff & J. Manuel de la Rosa. (2023) The integrated curriculum and student empathy: a longitudinal multi-cohort analysis. Advances in Health Sciences Education.
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Loreto García del Barrio, Cristina Rodríguez-Díez, Alfredo Gea, Leire Arbea, José Pereira & Nieves Díez. (2023) Impact of a longitudinal course on medical professionalism on the empathy of medical students. Patient Education and Counseling, pages 108042.
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Mohammadreza Hojat, Vittorio Maio, Charles A. Pohl & Joseph S. Gonnella. (2023) Clinical empathy: definition, measurement, correlates, group differences, erosion, enhancement, and healthcare outcomes. Discover Health Systems 2:1.
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Elisabeth Assing Hvidt, Jens Søndergaard, Sonja Wehberg, Niels Christian Hvidt & Christina Maar Andersen. (2022) A cross-sectional study of student empathy across four medical schools in Denmark—associations between empathy level and age, sex, specialty preferences and motivation. BMC Medical Education 22:1.
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Angelina Fluet, Jenna Essakow & Mindy Ju. (2022) Standardized Patients’ Perspectives on Bias in Student Encounters. Academic Medicine 97:11S, pages S29-S34.
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Tanja Graupe, Patrick Giemsa, Katharina Schaefer, Martin R. Fischer, Jan-Willem Strijbos & Claudia Kiessling. (2022) The role of the emotive, moral, and cognitive components for the prediction of medical students’ empathic behavior in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Patient Education and Counseling 105:10, pages 3103-3109.
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Jennifer S. Mascaro, Patricia K. Palmer, Madison Willson, Marcia J. Ash, Marianne P. Florian, Meha Srivastava, Anuja Sharma, Bria Jarrell, Elizabeth Reisinger Walker, Deanna M. Kaplan, Roman Palitsky, Steven P. Cole, George H. Grant & Charles L. Raison. (2022) The Language of Compassion: Hospital Chaplains’ Compassion Capacity Reduces Patient Depression via Other-Oriented, Inclusive Language. Mindfulness.
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Mary Beth Holmes & Julie Ann Starr. (2022) A Comparison of Doctor of Physical Therapy Students’ Self-Reported Empathy With Standardized Patients Perceptions of Empathy During a Simulated Telehealth Encounter. Journal of Patient Experience 9, pages 237437352211122.
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Mayssoon Dashash & Mounzer Boubou. (2021) Measurement of empathy among health professionals during Syrian crisis using the Syrian empathy scale. BMC Medical Education 21:1.
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So-Jin Lee, Chul-Soo Park, Bong-Jo Kim, Cheol-Soon Lee, Boseok Cha, Dongyun Lee, Jiyeong Seo, Jae-Won Choi, Young-Ji Lee, Yoon Jung Lee & Eun-Ji Lim. (2021) The Relationship of Pre-Clerkship Immature Defense Style in Medical Students with Physician-Patient Interactions. Psychoanalysis 32:3, pages 107-111.
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Judith A. Hall, Rachel Schwartz, Fred Duong, Yuan Niu, Manisha Dubey, David DeSteno & Justin J. Sanders. (2021) What is clinical empathy? Perspectives of community members, university students, cancer patients, and physicians. Patient Education and Counseling 104:5, pages 1237-1245.
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Jennifer Byrd, Heidi Knowles, Sephonie Moore, Victoria Acker, Sarah Bell, Naomi Alanis, Yuan Zhou, James P d'Etienne, Jeffrey A Kline & Hao Wang. (2021) Synergistic effects of emergency physician empathy and burnout on patient satisfaction: a prospective observational study. Emergency Medicine Journal 38:4, pages 290-296.
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E. Assing Hvidt, J. Søndergaard, N. C. Hvidt, S. Wehberg, A. Büssing & C. M. Andersen. (2020) Development in Danish medical students’ empathy: study protocol of a cross-sectional and longitudinal mixed-methods study. BMC Medical Education 20:1.
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Marion Sevrain-Goideau, Benedicte Gohier, William Bellanger, Cedric Annweiler, Mario Campone & Regis Coutant. (2020) Forum theater staging of difficult encounters with patients to increase empathy in students: evaluation of efficacy at The University of Angers Medical School. BMC Medical Education 20:1.
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Joachim Graf, Teresa Loda, Stephan Zipfel, Annette Wosnik, Daniela Mohr & Anne Herrmann-Werner. (2020) Communication skills of medical students: survey of self- and external perception in a longitudinally based trend study. BMC Medical Education 20:1.
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José Manuel Blanco, Fernando Caballero, Santiago Álvarez, Mercedes Plans & Diana Monge. (2020) Searching for the erosion of empathy in medical undergraduate students: a longitudinal study. BMJ Open 10:12, pages e041810.
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Mohammadreza Hojat, Jennifer DeSantis, Stephen C. Shannon, Mark R. Speicher, Lynn Bragan & Leonard H. Calabrese. (2020) Empathy as related to gender, age, race and ethnicity, academic background and career interest: A nationwide study of osteopathic medical students in the United States. Medical Education 54:6, pages 571-581.
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Mohammadreza HojatStephen C. ShannonJennifer DeSantisMark R. SpeicherLynn BraganLeonard H. Calabrese. (2020) Does Empathy Decline in the Clinical Phase of Medical Education? A Nationwide, Multi-Institutional, Cross-Sectional Study of Students at DO-Granting Medical Schools. Academic Medicine 95:6, pages 911-918.
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José Manuel Blanco Canseco, Catalina Valcárcel Sierra, María del Carmen Guerra Jiménez, Estefanía Ortigosa Rodríguez, Fernando García López, Fernando Caballero Martínez, Luisa Cabello Ballesteros & Diana Monge Martín. (2020) Empatía médica en residentes y tutores de medicina familiar y comunitaria. La visión del profesional y del paciente. Atención Primaria 52:3, pages 185-192.
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Lei Huang, Jessica Thai, Yuan Zhong, Hao Peng, Jessica Koran & Xu-Dong Zhao. (2019) The Positive Association Between Empathy and Self-Esteem in Chinese Medical Students: A Multi-Institutional Study. Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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Mohammadreza Hojat, Stephen C. Shannon, Jennifer DeSantis, Mark R. Speicher, Lynn Bragan & Leonard H. Calabrese. (2019) Empathy in Medicine National Norms for the Jefferson Scale of Empathy: A Nationwide Project in Osteopathic Medical Education and Empathy (POMEE) . Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 119:8, pages 520-532.
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Ahmad Aidil Arafat Dzulkarnain, Maryam Kamilah Ahmad Sani, Sarah Rahmat & Masnira Jusoh. (2019) The Influence of Feedback in the Simulated Patient Case-History Training among Audiology Students at the International Islamic University Malaysia. Journal of Audiology and Otology 23:3, pages 121-128.
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David Ian JeffreyDavid Ian Jeffrey. 2019. Exploring Empathy with Medical Students. Exploring Empathy with Medical Students 185 215 .
Sho Watanabe, Toshiko Yoshida, Takayuki Kono, Hiroaki Taketa, Noriko Shiotsu, Hajime Shirai & Yasuhiro Torii. (2018) Relationship of trainee dentists’ self-reported empathy and communication behaviors with simulated patients’ assessment in medical interviews. PLOS ONE 13:12, pages e0203970.
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Teresa Schreckenbach, Falk Ochsendorf, Jasmina Sterz, Miriam Rüsseler, Wolf Otto Bechstein, Bernd Bender & Myriam N. Bechtoldt. (2018) Emotion recognition and extraversion of medical students interact to predict their empathic communication perceived by simulated patients. BMC Medical Education 18:1.
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José M. Blanco, Fernando Caballero, Fernando J. García, Fernando Lorenzo & Diana Monge. (2018) Validation of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy in Spanish medical students who participated in an Early Clerkship Immersion programme. BMC Medical Education 18:1.
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Mohammadreza Hojat, Jennifer DeSantis, Stephen C. Shannon, Luke H. Mortensen, Mark R. Speicher, Lynn Bragan, Marianna LaNoue & Leonard H. Calabrese. (2018) The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students. Advances in Health Sciences Education 23:5, pages 899-920.
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Anthony J. Orsini. (2018) Get With the PROGRAM: A Guide to Compassionate Communication. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 118:10, pages 679-684.
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Bonni S. Cohen & Rebecca Boni. (2016) Holistic Nursing Simulation: A Concept Analysis. Journal of Holistic Nursing 36:1, pages 68-78.
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N. Díez-Goñi & M.C. Rodríguez-Díez. (2017) Why teaching empathy is important for the medical degree. Revista Clínica Española (English Edition) 217:6, pages 332-335.
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N. Díez-Goñi & M.C. Rodríguez-Díez. (2017) ¿Por qué es importante la enseñanza de la empatía en el Grado de Medicina?. Revista Clínica Española 217:6, pages 332-335.
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Mohammadreza Hojat, Jennifer DeSantis & Joseph S Gonnella. (2017) Patient Perceptions of Clinician’s Empathy. Journal of Patient Experience 4:2, pages 78-83.
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Adam J. McTighe, Robert A. DiTomasso, Stephanie Felgoise & Mohammadreza Hojat. (2016) Effect of Medical Education on Empathy in Osteopathic Medical Students. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 116:10, pages 668-674.
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Adam J. McTighe, Robert A. DiTomasso, Stephanie Felgoise & Mohammadreza Hojat. (2016) Correlation Between Standardize Patients’ Perceptions of Osteopathic Medical Students and Students’ Self-Rated Empathy. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 116:10, pages 640-646.
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Julia Ward. (2016) The Empathy Enigma. Nurse Educator 41:3, pages 134-138.
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Heidi A. Mennenga, Susan Bassett & Libby Pasquariello. (2016) Empathy Development Through Case Study and Simulation. Nurse Educator 41:3, pages 139-142.
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Sandra H Sulzer, Noah W Feinstein & Claire L Wendland. (2016) Assessing empathy development in medical education: a systematic review. Medical Education 50:3, pages 300-310.
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Tabor E. Flickinger, Somnath Saha, Debra Roter, P.Todd Korthuis, Victoria Sharp, Jonathan Cohn, Susan Eggly, Richard D. Moore & Mary Catherine Beach. (2016) Clinician empathy is associated with differences in patient–clinician communication behaviors and higher medication self-efficacy in HIV care. Patient Education and Counseling 99:2, pages 220-226.
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Mohammadreza HojatMohammadreza Hojat. 2016. Empathy in Health Professions Education and Patient Care. Empathy in Health Professions Education and Patient Care 151 167 .
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Era Buck, Mark Holden & Karen Szauter. (2015) A Methodological Review of the Assessment of Humanism in Medical Students. Academic Medicine 90, pages S14-S23.
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Shira Lerner & Xavier Jimenez. (2015) Empathic Failures from the Patient Perspective: Validation in the Acute Setting. Journal of Patient Experience 2:1, pages 29-31.
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Sean Sanders. 2015. Seizures in Dogs and Cats. Seizures in Dogs and Cats 81 93 .
Katherine Berg, Benjamin Blatt, Joseph Lopreiato, Julianna Jung, Arielle Schaeffer, Daniel Heil, Tamara Owens, Pamela L. Carter-Nolan, Dale Berg, Jon Veloski, Elizabeth Darby & Mohammadreza Hojat. (2015) Standardized Patient Assessment of Medical Student Empathy. Academic Medicine 90:1, pages 105-111.
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Jordan S Potash, Julie Y Chen, Cindy LK Lam & Vivian TW Chau. (2014) Art-making in a family medicine clerkship: how does it affect medical student empathy?. BMC Medical Education 14:1.
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Zak Kelm, James Womer, Jennifer K Walter & Chris Feudtner. (2014) Interventions to cultivate physician empathy: a systematic review. BMC Medical Education 14:1.
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Ryan Whitt, Gregory Toussaint, S. Bruce Binder & Nicole J. Borges. (2014) Strengthening student communication through pediatric simulated patient encounters. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 11, pages 21.
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Karen O′Connor, Romaine King, Kevin M. Malone & Allys Guerandel. (2014) Clinical Examiners, Simulated Patients, and Student Self-assessed Empathy in Medical Students During a Psychiatry Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Academic Psychiatry 38:4, pages 451-457.
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Suely Grosseman, Dennis H. Novack, Pamela Duke, Stewart Mennin, Steven Rosenzweig, Tiffany J. Davis & Mohammadreza Hojat. (2014) Residents’ and standardized patients’ perspectives on empathy: Issues of agreement. Patient Education and Counseling 96:1, pages 22-28.
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R. Balez, C. Berthou & F. -G. Carpentier. (2014) Annoncer un lymphome : l’empathie dans la formation des étudiants en médecineAnnouncing a lymphoma: Teaching empathy for French medical students. Psycho-Oncologie 8:1, pages 29-36.
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Katrien Bombeke, Linda Symons, Dimitri Mortelmans, Luc Debaene, Sandrina Schol, Paul Van Royen & Benedicte De Winter. (2013) ‘More shades of grey in my answers’: an interview study revisiting attitude erosion during clerkships. Medical Education 47:5, pages 476-484.
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Manuel Gonçalves-Pereira, José Loureiro, Bruno Trancas, Ana Papoila & José Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida. (2013) Empathy as Related to Motivations for Medicine in a Sample of First-Year Medical Students. Psychological Reports 112:1, pages 73-88.
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Katherine Berg, Joseph F. Majdan, Dale Berg, Jon Veloski & Mohammadreza Hojat. (2011) Medical Studentsʼ Self-Reported Empathy and Simulated Patientsʼ Assessments of Student Empathy: An Analysis by Gender and Ethnicity. Academic Medicine 86:8, pages 984-988.
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