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Original Articles

Reconsidering the “decline” of medical student empathy as reported in studies using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student version (JSPE-S)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (4)

Heather Taff, Linda Gilkerson, Amanda Osta, Alisa Seo-Lee, Alan Schwartz, Zobia Chunara, Lander McGinn, Nikita Pillai & Michelle M. Barnes. (2023) Strengthening Parent – Physician Communication: A Mixed Methods Study on Attuned Communication Training for Pediatric Residents. Teaching and Learning in Medicine 35:5, pages 577-588.
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Valerie Carrard, Céline Bourquin, Sylvie Berney, Katja Schlegel, Jacques Gaume, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Martin Preisig, Marianne Schmid Mast & Alexandre Berney. (2022) The relationship between medical students’ empathy, mental health, and burnout: A cross-sectional study. Medical Teacher 44:12, pages 1392-1399.
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Vasiliki Spatoula, Efharis Panagopoulou & Anthony Montgomery. (2019) Does empathy change during undergraduate medical education? – A meta-analysis*. Medical Teacher 41:8, pages 895-904.
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Thelma Quince, Pia Thiemann, John Benson & Sarah Hyde. (2016) Undergraduate medical students’ empathy: current perspectives. Advances in Medical Education and Practice 7, pages 443-455.
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Articles from other publishers (44)

Christiane R. Herber-Valdez, Julie A. Blow, Tammy T. Salazar, Kathryn V. Horn, Dyanne G. Herrera, Naomi L. Lacy, Lisa Beinhoff & J. Manuel de la Rosa. (2023) The integrated curriculum and student empathy: a longitudinal multi-cohort analysis. Advances in Health Sciences Education.
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Sarah D.C. Harvey, Clare L. Stacey & Kelly Rhea MacArthur. (2023) The empathic capital of pre-medical students. SSM - Qualitative Research in Health 3, pages 100236.
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Mengxin Xue, Huiping Sun, Jin Xue, Jingxin Zhou, Junchao Qu, Siqi Ji, Yuan Bu & Yongbing Liu. (2023) Narrative medicine as a teaching strategy for nursing students to developing professionalism, empathy and humanistic caring ability: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Medical Education 23:1.
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Claire Hooker, Brid Phillips & Sandra Carr. 2023. Handbook of Social Sciences and Global Public Health. Handbook of Social Sciences and Global Public Health 1 18 .
Johanna von Knorring, Arja Lehti, Martin Fahlström & Olof Semb. (2022) Empathy as a silent art–A doctor´s daily balancing act: A qualitative study of senior doctors’ experiences of empathy. PLOS ONE 17:12, pages e0277474.
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Margaret W. Gerbase, Marie-Paule Gustin, Nadia Bajwa, Milena Abbiati & Anne Baroffio. (2021) Development and Cross-National Validation of a French Version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Students. Evaluation & the Health Professions 45:3, pages 288-296.
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José Manuel Blanco Canseco, Augusto Blanco Alfonso, Fernando Caballero Martínez, María Magdalena Hawkins Solís, Teresa Fernández Agulló, Lourdes Lledó García, Antonio López Román, Antonio Piñas Mesa, Elena Maria Vara Ameigeiras & Diana Monge Martín. (2022) Medical empathy in medical students in Madrid: A proposal for empathy level cut-off points for Spain. PLOS ONE 17:5, pages e0267172.
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Manisha Mohan, Anirban Chowdhury & Suresh Kumar Sharma. 2022. Ergonomics for Design and Innovation. Ergonomics for Design and Innovation 383 393 .
Reyhane Hizomi Arani, Zohrehsadat Naji, Ali Moradi, Seyed Vahid Shariat, Sara Mirzamohamadi & Payman Salamati. (2021) Comparison of empathy with patients between first-year and last-year medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. BMC Medical Education 21:1.
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Toshiko Yoshida, Sho Watanabe, Takayuki Kono, Hiroaki Taketa, Noriko Shiotsu, Hajime Shirai, Yukie Nakai & Yasuhiro Torii. (2021) What impact does postgraduate clinical training have on empathy among Japanese trainee dentists?. BMC Medical Education 21:1.
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Alexandre Berney, Valerie Carrard, Sylvie Berney, Katja Schlegel, Jacques Gaume, Mehdi Gholam, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Martin Preisig, Katarzyna Wac, Marianne Schmid Mast & Céline Bourquin. (2021) Study protocol for the ETMED-L project: longitudinal study of mental health and interpersonal competence of medical students in a Swiss university using a comprehensive framework of empathy. BMJ Open 11:12, pages e053070.
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Prianna Menezes, Salman Y. Guraya & Shaista Salman Guraya. (2021) A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students. Frontiers in Medicine 8.
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Eugenia Smirna González-Díaz, Maria Guadalupe Silva-Vetri, Patricia Díaz-Calzadilla, Aracelis Calzadilla-Núñez, Alejandro Reyes-Reyes & Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez. (2021) Empathy levels decline and sex differences in medicine students from the Caribbean. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 69:4, pages e86227.
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Honghong Xu, Ruotong Xue & Shuwei Hao. (2021) Attitudes toward patient-centeredness, personality and empathy of Chinese medical students. Personality and Individual Differences 176, pages 110777.
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Jill Reichman, Lori Palfreyman & Claire Babcock O'Connell. (2021) Assessment of Compassion in Physician Assistant Students. Journal of Physician Assistant Education 32:2, pages 108-112.
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Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez, Fanny Miranda-Carreño, Sebastián Galaz-Guajardo, Wilmer Sepúlveda-Navarro, Mario Zúñiga-Mogollones, Aracelis Calzadilla-Núñez, Pilar Torres-Martínez & Alejandro Reyes-Reyes. (2021) Variability of empathy among dental students. Implications not yet understood in Latin America. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 70:1, pages e91207.
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Kathryn Levy, Pei C. Grant, Christopher W. Kerr, David J. Byrwa & Rachel M. Depner. (2020) Hospice Patient Care Goals and Medical Students’ Perceptions: Evidence of a Generation Gap?. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 38:2, pages 114-122.
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Selda YARDIM & Yeşim ŞENOL. (2020) Effects of Standard Patient Practice on Emphatic Skill Levels of Students. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası, pages 5-10.
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Meng Shi & Tianjiao Du. (2020) Associations of emotional intelligence and gratitude with empathy in medical students. BMC Medical Education 20:1.
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José Manuel Blanco, Fernando Caballero, Santiago Álvarez, Mercedes Plans & Diana Monge. (2020) Searching for the erosion of empathy in medical undergraduate students: a longitudinal study. BMJ Open 10:12, pages e041810.
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Giovanni Piumatti, Milena Abbiati, Anne Baroffio & Margaret W. Gerbase. (2020) Empathy trajectories throughout medical school: relationships with personality and motives for studying medicine. Advances in Health Sciences Education 25:5, pages 1227-1242.
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Yolanda Dávila Pontón, Alejandro Reyes Reyes, Aracelis Calzadilla Núñez, Víctor Patricio Díaz Narváez, Robert Utsman & Pilar Alejandra Torres Martínez. (2020) Empathy and Personality Styles in Medical Students. Revista Colombiana de Psicología 29:2, pages 73-87.
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Ahmad Assaly. (2020) The Meaning of Empathy in Patient Care Became Real the Day I Was Diagnosed With Acute Leukemia. The American Journal of Medicine 133:4, pages 520-521.
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José Manuel Blanco Canseco, Catalina Valcárcel Sierra, María del Carmen Guerra Jiménez, Estefanía Ortigosa Rodríguez, Fernando García López, Fernando Caballero Martínez, Luisa Cabello Ballesteros & Diana Monge Martín. (2020) Empatía médica en residentes y tutores de medicina familiar y comunitaria. La visión del profesional y del paciente. Atención Primaria 52:3, pages 185-192.
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Víctor P. Díaz-Narváez, Aracelis Calzadilla-Núñez, Paulina López-Orellana, Robert Utsman-Abarca & Luz Marina Alonso-Palacio. (2020) Empathic decline and training in nursing students. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 54.
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Olive Tengera, Joyce Nankumbi, Gorrette Nalwadda, Patience Arinaitwe Muwanguzi & Tom Denis Ngabirano. (2020) Empathy among midwives at a referral hospital in Uganda. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences 13, pages 100238.
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Dilia Esther Aparicio, Alexis Enrique Ramos, Jesús Mendoza, Robert Utsman-Abarca, Aracelis Calzadilla-Núñez & Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez. (2019) Levels of empathy, empathy decline and differences between genders in medical students of Cartagena (Colombia). Educación Médica 20, pages 136-143.
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Sundip Patel, Alexis Pelletier-Bui, Stephanie Smith, Michael B. Roberts, Hope Kilgannon, Stephen Trzeciak & Brian W. Roberts. (2019) Curricula for empathy and compassion training in medical education: A systematic review. PLOS ONE 14:8, pages e0221412.
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Jakob Håkansson Eklund, Inger K. Holmström, Anna Ollén Lindqvist, Annelie J. Sundler, Jacek Hochwälder & Lena Marmstål Hammar. (2019) Empathy levels among nursing students: A comparative cross‐sectional study. Nursing Open 6:3, pages 983-989.
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J.-M. Triffaux, S. Tisseron & J.A. Nasello. (2019) Decline of empathy among medical students: Dehumanization or useful coping process?. L'Encéphale 45:1, pages 3-8.
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David Ian JeffreyDavid Ian Jeffrey. 2019. Exploring Empathy with Medical Students. Exploring Empathy with Medical Students 185 215 .
David Ian JeffreyDavid Ian Jeffrey. 2019. Exploring Empathy with Medical Students. Exploring Empathy with Medical Students 1 15 .
José M. Blanco, Fernando Caballero, Fernando J. García, Fernando Lorenzo & Diana Monge. (2018) Validation of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy in Spanish medical students who participated in an Early Clerkship Immersion programme. BMC Medical Education 18:1.
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Jenny Peng, Chantalle Clarkin & Asif Doja. (2018) Uncovering cynicism in medical training: a qualitative analysis of medical online discussion forums. BMJ Open 8:10, pages e022883.
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Teresa Guilera, Iolanda Batalla & Jorge Soler-González. (2018) Empathy and specialty preference in medical students. Follow-up study and feedback. Educación Médica 19, pages 153-161.
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Daisuke Son, Ikuo Shimizu, Hirono Ishikawa, Muneyoshi Aomatsu & Jimmie Leppink. (2018) Communication skills training and the conceptual structure of empathy among medical students. Perspectives on Medical Education 7:4, pages 264-271.
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D. Barrera-Gil, N. Estrada-Méndez, Y. Arévalo, A. Calzadilla-Núñez & V.P. Díaz-Narváez. (2018) Empatía en estudiantes de medicina de la República de El Salvador: estudio transversal. Journal of Healthcare Quality Research 33:3, pages 136-143.
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Po-Jui Chen, Chien-Da Huang & San-Jou Yeh. (2017) Impact of a narrative medicine programme on healthcare providers’ empathy scores over time. BMC Medical Education 17:1.
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Alexandra Ferreira-Valente, Joana S. Monteiro, Rita M. Barbosa, Ana Salgueira, Patrício Costa & Manuel J. Costa. (2016) Clarifying changes in student empathy throughout medical school: a scoping review. Advances in Health Sciences Education 22:5, pages 1293-1313.
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D Jeffrey. (2017) Communicating with a Human Voice: Developing a Relational Model of Empathy. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 47:3, pages 266-270.
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Anita Modi, Michele Fascelli, Zachary Daitch & Mohammadreza Hojat. (2016) Evaluating the Relationship Between Participation in Student-Run Free Clinics and Changes in Empathy in Medical Students. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 8:3, pages 122-126.
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Sarah Mahoney, Ruth M. Sladek & Tim Neild. (2016) A longitudinal study of empathy in pre-clinical and clinical medical students and clinical supervisors. BMC Medical Education 16:1.
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Thelma A Quince, Paul Kinnersley, Jonathan Hales, Ana da Silva, Helen Moriarty, Pia Thiemann, Sarah Hyde, James Brimicombe, Diana Wood, Matthew Barclay & John Benson. (2016) Empathy among undergraduate medical students: A multi-centre cross-sectional comparison of students beginning and approaching the end of their course. BMC Medical Education 16:1.
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Brett Williams, Ted Brown, Lisa McKenna, Claire Palermo, Prue Morgan, Debra Nestel, Richard Brightwell, Susan Gilbert-Hunt, Karen Stagnitti, Alexander Olaussen & Caroline Wright. (2015) Student empathy levels across 12 medical and health professions: an interventional study. Journal of Compassionate Health Care 2:1.
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