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Original Article

The effect of vulvar lichen sclerosus on quality of life and sexual functioning

, , , , &
Pages 279-284 | Received 15 Apr 2010, Accepted 07 Jul 2010, Published online: 11 Aug 2010

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Şükrü Yıldız, Hüseyin Cengiz, Cihan Kaya, İsmail Alay, Emine Öztürk, Aysun Fendal Tunca, Aliye Erdoğan & Levent Yaşar. (2022) Evaluation of genital self-image and sexual dysfunction in women with vulvar lichen planus or lichen sclerosus. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 43:2, pages 99-106.
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Alicia Declercq, Canan Güvenç & Petra De Haes. (2022) Proposition of standardized protocol for photodynamic therapy for vulvar lichen sclerosus. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 33:1, pages 560-568.
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M. Tedesco, V. Garelli, F. Elia, G. Chicherchia, M. L. Foddai, A. Latini, A. Morrone & E. Migliano. (2021) Usefulness of video thermography in the evaluation of platelet-rich plasma effectiveness in vulvar lichen sclerosus: preliminary study. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 32:5, pages 568-571.
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Jill M Krapf, Leia Mitchell, Michelle A Holton & Andrew T Goldstein. (2020) Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Current Perspectives. International Journal of Women's Health 12, pages 11-20.
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Gianni Paulis & Enzo Berardesca. (2019) Lichen sclerosus: the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of the disease and its possible transformation into carcinoma. Research and Reports in Urology 11, pages 223-232.
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F. R. Pérez-López & P. Vieira-Baptista. (2017) Lichen sclerosus in women: a review. Climacteric 20:4, pages 339-347.
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Mingzhu Ye, Xinliang Deng, Saiping Mao & Min Xue. (2015) High intensity focused ultrasound treatment for non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva: Factors affecting effectiveness and recurrence. International Journal of Hyperthermia 31:7, pages 771-776.
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Loes CG van den Einden, Irene AM van der Avoort & Joanne A de Hullu. (2013) Prevention, identification and treatment of vulvar squamous (pre)malignancies: a review focusing on quality of care. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 13:7, pages 845-859.
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C. A. Higgins & M. E. Cruickshank. (2012) A population-based case–control study of aetiological factors associated with vulval lichen sclerosus. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 32:3, pages 271-275.
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Articles from other publishers (70)

Una E. Choi, Ryan C. Nicholson, Pranjal Agrawal, Emelia Watts, Taylor P. Kohn, Jaden R. Kohn & Marisa Clifton. (2023) Involvement of vulva in lichen sclerosus increases the risk of antidepressant and benzodiazepine prescriptions for psychiatric disorder diagnoses. International Journal of Impotence Research.
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Beth Morrel, Irene A. M. van der Avoort, Patricia C. Ewing‐Graham, Jeffrey Damman, Renske Schappin, Kelly N. van Zeijl, Quirinus J. M. Voorham, Marianne J. ten Kate‐Booij, Curt W. Burger & Suzanne G. M. A. Pasmans. (2023) Long‐term consequences of juvenile vulvar lichen sclerosus: A cohort study of adults with a histologically confirmed diagnosis in childhood or adolescence. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 102:11, pages 1469-1478.
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Veronica Boero, Massimiliano Brambilla, Eugenia Di Loreto, Giulia Emily Cetera, Sonia Cipriani, Francesca Boggio, Ermelinda Monti, Giada Libutti, Carlotta Caia & Fabio Parazzini. (2023) Fat Grafting in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Long Term Follow-Up. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 27:4, pages 365-372.
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Paige Varney, William Guo, Mikayla Brown, Hunya Usmani, Jocellie Marquez, Marissa Ayasse, Tara Kaufmann & Adrienne Haughton. (2022) A systematic review and meta‐analysis of sexual dysfunction in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa . International Journal of Dermatology 62:6, pages 737-746.
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Olga Jabłonowska, Anna Woźniacka, Simona Szkarłat & Agnieszka Żebrowska. (2023) Female genital lichen sclerosus is connected with a higher depression rate, decreased sexual quality of life and diminished work productivity. PLOS ONE 18:4, pages e0284948.
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Irene S Caspersen, Astrid Højgaard & Birgitte S Laursen. (2023) The influence of lichen sclerosus on women’s sexual health from a biopsychosocial perspective: a mixed methods study. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 20:4, pages 488-497.
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Alyssa B Smith, Náimah I Muhammad, Sarah T Cigna & Jill M Krapf. (2023) A systematic review of sexual health consequences among women with lichen sclerosus. Sexual Medicine Reviews 11:1, pages 8-14.
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N.I. Chernova, M.I. Proskurina, O.V. Dolya, N.V. Frigo & I.S. Zadorozhnaya. (2023) Vulvar lichen sclerosus from etiopathogenesis to treatment: current data and prospects. Klinicheskaya dermatologiya i venerologiya 22:5, pages 533.
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Alison Ranum, Rebecca Freese, Vidhyalakshmi Ramesh & David R. Pearson. (2022) Lichen sclerosus in female patients is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular comorbidities: a retrospective cohort review. British Journal of Dermatology 187:6, pages 1030-1032.
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Susanne Arnold, Sheryl Fernando & Sophie Rees. (2022) Living with vulval lichen sclerosus: a qualitative interview study. British Journal of Dermatology 187:6, pages 909-918.
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Meng‐Yuan Zhou, Yu‐Kun Wang, Qing‐Li Zhu & Jie Liu. (2022) High‐frequency ultrasound features in vulvar lichen sclerosus and correlation with histopathology. Skin Research and Technology 28:6, pages 780-785.
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Marlene Wijaya, Geoffrey Lee & Gayle Fischer. (2022) Why do some patients with vulval lichen sclerosus on long‐term topical corticosteroid treatment experience ongoing poor quality of life?. Australasian Journal of Dermatology 63:4, pages 463-472.
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Michelle Wu, Ashod Kherlopian, Marlene Wijaya & Gayle Fischer. (2022) Quality of life impact and treatment response in vulval disease: Comparison of 3 common conditions using the Vulval Quality of Life Index. Australasian Journal of Dermatology 63:4.
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Rachel Pope, Min Ho Lee, Anna Myers, Junmin Song, Ramy Abou Ghayda, Jong Yeob Kim, Sung Hwi Hong, Se Bee Lee, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Lee Smith & Jae Il Shin. (2022) Lichen Sclerosus and Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 19:11, pages 1616-1624.
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Sydney Rivera, Anna Flood, Chandler Dykstra, Debby Herbenick & Andrea L. DeMaria. (2022) Genital Self-Image, Sexual Function, and Quality of Life Among Individuals with Vulvar and Non-Vulvar Inflammatory Dermatoses. Archives of Sexual Behavior 51:8, pages 3965-3979.
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Monica J. Janke, Jennie DeBlanc, Emily K. Kobernik, Stephanie L. Skala, Guadalupe Lorenzatti Hiles, Rebeca Kelly & Kathryn C. Welch. (2022) Comorbid Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions: A Management Conundrum. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 26:4, pages 319-322.
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Gitte Vittrup, Signe Westmark, Johannes Riis, Lisbeth Mørup, Tina Heilesen, Doris Jensen & Dorte Melgaard. (2022) The Impact of Psychosexual Counseling in Women With Lichen Sclerosus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 26:3, pages 258-264.
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Nanouk van der Sluis, Esther C.A.H. Scheers, Guido Krenning, Berend van der Lei, Maaike H.M. Oonk & Joris A. van Dongen. (2022) Autologous lipoaspirate as a new treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus: A review on literature. Experimental Dermatology 31:5, pages 689-699.
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Sema KARAKAŞ, Şükrü YILDIZ & Levent YAŞAR. (2022) The Effect of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus on Urogynecological Functions in Postmenopausal Women. Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi 10:1, pages 48-52.
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G. Vittrup, L. Mørup, T. Heilesen, D. Jensen, S. Westmark & D. Melgaard. (2021) Quality of life and sexuality in women with lichen sclerosus: a cross‐sectional study. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 47:2, pages 343-350.
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Ashod Kherlopian & Gayle Fischer. (2021) Does compliance to topical corticosteroid therapy reduce the risk of development of permanent vulvar structural abnormalities in pediatric vulvar lichen sclerosus? A retrospective cohort study. Pediatric Dermatology 39:1, pages 22-30.
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Sydney Rivera, Chandler Dykstra, Anna Flood, Debby Herbenick & Andrea L. DeMaria. (2022) “Worse Than Disappointing”: Prediagnostic Health Care Challenges of Women With Inflammatory Vulvar Dermatoses. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 26:1, pages 53-59.
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Alison Ranum & David R. Pearson. (2022) The impact of genital lichen sclerosus and lichen planus on quality of life: A review. International Journal of Women’s Dermatology 8:3, pages e042.
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Kristen Stewart, Sunbal Javaid, Konika P. Schallen, Sarah Bartlett & Nancy A. Carlson. (2021) Fractional CO 2 laser treatment as adjunctive therapy to topical steroids for managing vulvar lichen sclerosus . Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 54:1, pages 138-151.
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Agnieszka Gerkowicz, Paulina Szczepanik-Kułak & Dorota Krasowska. (2021) Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10:23, pages 5491.
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Manuela PAPINI, Ada RUSSO, Oriana SIMONETTI, Alessandro BORGHI, Monica CORAZZA, Stefano PIASERICO, Claudio FELICIANI & Piergiacomo CALZAVARA-PINTON. (2021) Diagnosis and management of cutaneous and anogenital lichen sclerosus: recommendations from the Italian Society of Dermatology (SIDeMaST). Italian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 156:5.
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Veronica Boero, Carlo A. Liverani, Massimiliano Brambilla, Ermelinda Monti, Roberto Tozzi, Filippo Murina, Eugenia Di Loreto, Sonia Cipriani, Giada Libutti, Giulia E. Cetera, Maria Iorio, Andrea Dell'Acqua & Fabio Parazzini. (2021) The “CIV Classification,” a New Proposal for the Architectural Grading of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 25:4, pages 291-295.
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Janice Yeon, Amanda Oakley, Ann Olsson, Catherine Drummond, Emma Veysey, Gillian Marshman, Helen Saunders, Jacinta Opie, Jennifer Bradford, Judith Cole, Kate DeAmbrosis, Kathryn Cook, Linda Pepall, Lois Jane Eva, Michael Sladden, Priya Selva‐Nayagam, Roderic Phillips, Sally Ball, Sarah Hill, Tanja Bohl, Tania Day, Geoffrey Lee & Gayle Fischer. (2021) Vulval lichen sclerosus: An Australasian management consensus. Australasian Journal of Dermatology 62:3, pages 292-299.
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Özlem HELVACİOGLU, Zeynep TOPKARCI, Çağlar HELVACIOĞLU & Ayşe KAVAK. (2021) The effect of vulvar lichen sclerosus on quality of life and sexual functioning. Journal of Surgery and Medicine 5:7, pages 691-694.
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V.V. Dunaevskaya. (2021) The effect of vulvar lichen sclerosus on sexual dysfunction. Reproductive health of woman:5, pages 28-33.
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Marlene Wijaya, Geoffrey Lee & Gayle Fischer. (2021) Quality of life of women with untreated vulval lichen sclerosus assessed with vulval quality of life index (VQLI). Australasian Journal of Dermatology 62:2, pages 177-182.
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Marlene Wijaya, Geoffrey Lee, Gayle Fischer & Andrew Lee. (2021) Quality of Life in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus Patients Treated With Long-Term Topical Corticosteroids. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 25:2, pages 158-165.
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Barbara Erni, Alexander A. Navarini, Dorothy Huang, Andreas Schoetzau, Andre Kind & Simon M. Mueller. (2021) Proposition of a severity scale for lichen sclerosus: The “Clinical Lichen Sclerosus Score”. Dermatologic Therapy 34:2.
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Alison Ranum & David R. Pearson. (2021) Acitretin therapy for vulvar lichen sclerosus complicated by recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. JAAD Case Reports 8, pages 53-55.
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A. G. Solopova, E. E. Achkasov, A. D. Makatsariya, I. V. Khamani, T. A. Blbulyan & V. S. Moskvichyova. (2021) Assessing sexual function and vulvovaginal symptoms in young patients with vulvar dystrophy. Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction 14:6, pages 622-629.
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Sophie Rees. (2021) Living with vulval lichen sclerosus: Unheard stories and silenced voices. Case Reports in Women's Health 29, pages e00271.
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Jaden R. Kohn, Trissa M. Connors, Warren Chan, Cynthia S. Liang, Harry DaoJrJr & Anuja Vyas. (2020) Clinical outcomes and adherence to topical corticosteroid therapy in women with vulvar lichen sclerosus: A retrospective cohort study. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 83:4, pages 1104-1109.
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Leslie A. Sadownik, Emily Koert, Ciana Maher & Kelly B. Smith. (2020) A Qualitative Exploration of Women’s Experiences of Living With Chronic Vulvar Dermatoses. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 17:9, pages 1740-1750.
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P Halonen, M Jakobsson, O Heikinheimo, M Gissler & E Pukkala. (2020) Incidence of lichen sclerosus and subsequent causes of death: a nationwide Finnish register study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 127:7, pages 814-819.
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Claire Felmingham, Lydia Chan, Lex W Doyle & Emma Veysey. (2019) The Vulval Disease Quality of Life Index in women with vulval lichen sclerosus correlates with clinician and symptom scores. Australasian Journal of Dermatology 61:2, pages 110-118.
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Beth Morrel, Rachel van Eersel, Curt W. Burger, Wichor M. Bramer, Marianne J. ten Kate-Booij, Irene A.M. van der Avoort & Suzanne G.M.A. Pasmans. (2020) The long-term clinical consequences of juvenile vulvar lichen sclerosus: A systematic review. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 82:2, pages 469-477.
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Kelly R. Hodges, Courtney E. Wiener, Anuja S. Vyas & Mark A. Turrentine. (2019) The Female Genital Self-image Scale in Adult Women With Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 23:3, pages 210-213.
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Andrew Lee & Gayle Fischer. (2018) Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 19:5, pages 695-706.
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F.M. Lewis, F.M. Tatnall, S.S. Velangi, C.B. Bunker, A. Kumar, F. Brackenbury, M.F. Mohd Mustapa, L.S. Exton, P.M. McHenry, T.A. Leslie, S. Wakelin, R.Y.P. Hunasehally, M. Cork, G.A. Johnston, N. Chiang, F.S. Worsnop, D. Buckley, G. Petrof, A. Salin, N. Callachand, C. Saunders & A.A. Salad. (2018) British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus, 2018. British Journal of Dermatology 178:4, pages 839-853.
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Marieke Brauer, Rik H.W. van Lunsen, Ellen T.M. Laan & Matthé P.M. Burger. (2016) A Qualitative Study on Experiences After Vulvar Surgery in Women With Lichen Sclerosus and Sexual Pain. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 13:7, pages 1080-1090.
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F. Pelletier, M. Girardin, P. Humbert, M. Puyraveau, F. Aubin & B. Parratte. (2015) Long‐term assessment of effectiveness and quality of life of OnabotulinumtoxinA injections in provoked vestibulodynia. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 30:1, pages 106-111.
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Hope K. HaefnerNely Z. AldrichVanessa K. DaltonHélène M. GagnéStephanie B. MarcusDivya A. PatelMitchell B. Berger. (2014) The Impact of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus on Sexual Dysfunction. Journal of Women's Health 23:9, pages 765-770.
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Nicholas Wedel & Laura Johnson. (2014) Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Diagnosis and Management. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners 10:1, pages 42-48.
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C.A. Lansdorp, K.E. van den Hondel, I.J. Korfage, M.J. van Gestel & W.I. van der Meijden. (2013) Quality of life in Dutch women with lichen sclerosus. British Journal of Dermatology 168:4, pages 787-793.
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Sandra Lawton & Sheelagh Littlewood. (2013) Vulval Skin Conditions. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 17:2, pages 117-124.
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Sara Pinelli, Angelo Massimiliano D'Erme & Torello Lotti. (2013) Management of sexual dysfunction due to vulvar lichen sclerosus in postmenopausal women. Dermatologic Therapy 26:1, pages 79-82.
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Menke H. Hazewinkel, Ellen T.M. Laan, Mirjam A.G. Sprangers, Guus Fons, Matthé P.M. Burger & Jan-Paul W.R. Roovers. (2012) Long-term sexual function in survivors of vulvar cancer: A cross-sectional study. Gynecologic Oncology 126:1, pages 87-92.
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