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Research Article

Anabolic Steroids - a Review of the Clinical Toxicology and Diagnostic Screening

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Pages 287-310 | Published online: 25 Sep 2008

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Paul J. Fudala, Robert M. Weinrieb, Joseph S. Calarco, Kyle M. Kampman & Chris Boardman. (2003) An Evaluation of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Abusers Over a Period of 1 Year: Seven Case Studies. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry 15:2, pages 121-130.
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Lymperis (Perry) Koziris. (2000) Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Abuse. The Physician and Sportsmedicine 28:12, pages 67-68.
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Michele Iannone, Anna Pia Dima, Francesca Sciarra, Francesco Botrè & Andrea M. Isidori. (2022) Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous analysis of androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids and progestagens in human serum. Biomedical Chromatography 36:5.
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Lisa E. Hauger, Ingrid A. Havnes, Marie L. Jørstad & Astrid Bjørnebekk. (2021) Anabolic androgenic steroids, antisocial personality traits, aggression and violence. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 221, pages 108604.
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Lisa E. Hauger, Lars T. Westlye, Anders M. Fjell, Kristine B. Walhovd & Astrid Bjørnebekk. (2019) Structural brain characteristics of anabolic–androgenic steroid dependence in men. Addiction 114:8, pages 1405-1415.
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P. Laure & G. Dine. 2018. Suivi Biologique du Sportif. Suivi Biologique du Sportif 203 238 .
Steven Karch & Olaf Drummer. 2015. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fifth Edition. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fifth Edition 755 784 .
Andreas Büttner & Detlef Thieme. 2010. Doping in Sports. Doping in Sports 459 484 .
Steven Karch. 2008. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fourth Edition. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fourth Edition 609 633 .
Dimitrios Kouvelas, Chrysa Pourzitaki, Georgios Papazisis, Themistoklis Dagklis, Konstantinos Dimou & Michaela M. Kraus. (2008) Nandrolone abuse decreases anxiety and impairs memory in rats via central androgenic receptors. The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 11:07.
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Anthony B. PolitoIIIIII, David L. Goldstein, Lylian Sanchez, David R. Cool & Mariana Morris. (2006) Urinary oxytocin as a non-invasive biomarker for neurohypophyseal hormone secretion. Peptides 27:11, pages 2877-2884.
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Juan Carlos Rivera-Arce, Lizannette Morales-Crespo, Noelia Vargas-Pinto, Kandy T. Vel?zquez & Juan Carlos Jorge. (2006) Central effects of the anabolic steroid 17? methyltestosterone in female anxiety. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 84:2, pages 275-281.
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Yoel Antonio Rojas-Ortiz, Valerie Rundle-Gonz?lez, Isamar Rivera-Ramos & Juan Carlos Jorge. (2006) Modulation of elevated plus maze behavior after chronic exposure to the anabolic steroid 17?-methyltestosterone in adult mice. Hormones and Behavior 49:1, pages 123-128.
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M. Böhm & H. Kilter. 2006. Klinische Kardiologie. Klinische Kardiologie 519 559 .
Robert L. Sprando, Thomas F.X. Collins, Thomas N. Black, Nicholas Olejnik, Philip Sapienza, Moraima Ramos-Valle & Dennis I. Ruggles. (2005) Maternal exposure to androstenedione does not induce developmental toxicity in the rat. Food and Chemical Toxicology 43:4, pages 505-513.
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Jennifer L. Barreto-Estrada, Johannie Barreto, Yaihara Fortis-Santiago, Isamar Rivera-Ramos, Azarh? Fortis-Santiago & Juan Carlos Jorge. (2004) Modulation of Affect After Chronic Exposure to the Anabolic Steroid 17?-Methyltestosterone in Adult Mice.. Behavioral Neuroscience 118:5, pages 1071-1079.
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Bradley P. Morgan & Melinda S. Moynihan. 2001. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology.
Pia Johansson, Ann-Sophie Lindqvist, Fred Nyberg & Claudia Fahlke. (2000) Anabolic androgenic steroids affects alcohol intake, defensive behaviors and brain opioid peptides in the rat. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 67:2, pages 271-279.
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Anna-M. Wroblewska. (1997) Androgenic-anabolic steroids and body dysmorphia in young men. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 42:3, pages 225-234.
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Gary S. Ferenchick. (1996) Validity of self-report in identifying anabolic steroid use among weightlifters. Journal of General Internal Medicine 11:9, pages 554-556.
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F.H. Bronson, K.Q. Nguyen & J. De La Rosa. (1996) Effect of anabolic steroids on behavior and physiological characteristics of female mice. Physiology & Behavior 59:1, pages 49-55.
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Allison A. Welder, John W. Robertson & Russell B. Melchert. (1995) Toxic effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids in primary rat hepatic cell cultures. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 33:4, pages 187-195.
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M.J. Krahn & J.E. Anderson. (1994) Anabolic steroid treatment increases myofiber damage in mdx mouse muscular dystrophy. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 125:2, pages 138-146.
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Stacy-Ann Rossi, Jodie V. Johnson & Richard A. Yost. (1994) Short-column gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for the detection of underivatized anabolic steroids in urine. Biological Mass Spectrometry 23:3, pages 131-139.
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X. Remesar, J. A. Fernández‐López & M. Alemany. (2006) Steroid hormones and the control of body weight. Medicinal Research Reviews 13:5, pages 623-631.
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Charles D. Kochakian & Allison A. Welder. (1993) Anabolic-androgenic steroids: In cell culture. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal 29:6, pages 433-438.
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Allison A. Welder & Russell B. Melchert. (1993) Cardiotoxic effects of cocaine and anabolic-androgenic steroids in the athlete. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 29:2, pages 61-68.
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