Recent synthetic methodologies for the tricyclic fused-quinoline derivatives

Abstract

Tricyclic fused-quinoline ring system belongs to a fascinating and versatile class of heterocycles that demonstrates a wide spectrum of biological activities such as anti-malarial, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-cancer, analgesic, anthelmintic, cardiovascular, anti-hypoglycaemic, etc. Tricyclic fused-quinolines like pyrroloquinolines, pyranoquinolines, pyrimidoquinolines, furoquinolines, imidazoquinolines, pyrazoloquinolines, thienoquinolines, etc. can be synthesized via a number of efficacious synthetic routes that include mostly multicomponent reactions, transition metal catalysis, Lewis and Bronsted acid catalysis and microwave-assisted reactions. In this review, the focus has been placed on these methods along with various factors affecting yields, stereo- and regioselectivities of products and applications of these protocols to achieve valuable candidates reported during the last five years.

Graphical abstract

Keywords:

• Fused-quinolines
• tricyclic aromatic heterocycles
• synthesis
• multi-component reactions

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support from “Government College University, Faisalabad” and “Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.”