An efficient synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of azo dyes derived from eugenol

Abstract

A new series of azo dyes of the naturally occurring phenol i.e., eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) was produced by the conventional method. For the synthesis of azo compounds, diazonium salts were coupled with eugenol. Six substituted aryl-azo-eugenol derivatives (EU (a) to EU (f)) were synthesized and confirmed their structures with ¹H NMR,¹³C NMR, FT-IR and Mass spectroscopy. All newly synthesized azo dyes of eugenol were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. pyogenus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa strains and in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans, A. niger and A. clavatus strains by using micro broth dilution method. The results indicate that the synthesized azo dyes of eugenol display variable inhibitory effects on the growth of bacterial and fungal strains. Further, all compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity against human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-241, the compound EU(d) displays excellent anticancer activity.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Anticancer
• antimicrobial
• azo dye and eugenol

Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to SAIF Chandigarh for ¹HNMR, ¹³CNMR and TOF Mass, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai for Anticancer activity, and Microcare Laboratory and Tuberculosis Research Centre, Surat, Gujarat, India for Antimicrobial activity.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).