Montmorillonite K10 clay accelerated green protocol for the pseudo-five-component synthesis of substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines

Abstract

An array of conjugated Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines were synthesized via a one-pot, pseudo-five-component reaction incorporating aryl aldehydes, malononitrile, thiophenol or phenol, and acetophenone or acetyl derivatives stimulated by Montmorillonite K10 clay as an eco-friendly catalyst. The entire procedure involves the formation of two new rings, three C–N bonds, two C-C bonds, and one C–X bond. This strategy enables quick green access to functionally multifaceted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine analogues while highlighting good yields, pure products, an expedient reaction condition, and the reusability of the catalyst up to two cycles. All of the synthesized compounds were characterized through ¹H,¹³C NMR, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy techniques.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines
• Montmorillonite K10 clay
• multicomponent reaction
• reusability of catalyst

Acknowledgments

The authors are extremely grateful to the infrastructural financial support under the CURIE program from the WISE-KIRAN division of the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India to IIS (deemed to be University), Jaipur, India (File No. DST/CURIE-02/2023/IISU) and to the MRC, MNIT (Jaipur, India) for providing the NMR instrumentation facilities.

Disclosure statement

The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

Supplementary Material

Full experimental detail, IR, ¹H, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS spectra of all the synthesized compounds. This material can be found via the “Supplementary Content” section of this article’s webpage.

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the supplementary material of this article.