Numerical thermal investigation of radiative magnetohydrodynamics axisymmetric Cu-Al₂O₃/H₂O hybrid nanofluid flow over an unsteady radially stretched surface

Abstract

The current work focuses on conducting a numerical thermal investigation of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid flow over unsteady radial stretching surfaces. To perform a comprehensive analysis, lamina and hexahedron-shaped Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) and Copper (Cu) nanomaterial are immersed in water-based fluid. Furthermore, we take into account the impact of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and thermal radiation. The cylindrical coordinate system is utilised for mathematical modeling. The governing system of nonlinear PDEs is converted to a system of ODEs by utilising appropriate similarity transformation and then solved numerically in MATLAB. By using graphs and bar charts, we visually depict the impact of significant physical attributes on velocity, temperature, skin friction, and Nusselt numbers. As per the findings, The nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid flow experienced a notable deceleration due to the influence of the suction parameter (S), unsteadiness parameter (A), and magnetic parameter (M). Furthermore, hybrid nanofluid exhibits the lowest temperature and the slowest velocity. In the case of nanofluid composed of Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) and water (H₂O), the highest Nusselt number is observed along with the lowest skin friction. These recent findings hold the potential to offer advantages to academic research, lubrication processes, and the polymer industry.

Abbreviations: PDE’s Partial Differential Equation; ODE’s Ordinary Differential Equation; MHD Magnetohydrodynamic

KEYWORDS:

• Hybrid nanofluid (Cu-Al₂O₃/H₂O)
• axisymmetric
• unsteady radial stretching
• shape factor
• thermal radiation
• magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).