Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Hypertensive Anterior Uveitis

ABSTRACT

Objective

The objective of this article is to determine characteristics and outcome of hypertensive anterior uveitis and prevalence of the Herpesviridae family.

Study: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods

A total of 64 anterior uveitis participants with increased intraocular pressure and Herpesviridae family polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis results were included.

Results

The prevalence of Herpes family was 53.1% (6.3% for herpes simplex virus, 10.9% for varicella-zoster virus, 34.4% for cytomegalovirus, and 1.6% for Epstein–Barr virus), Posner–Schlossman syndrome 25%, Fuchs uveitis syndrome 7.8%, and idiopathic 14.1%. The recurrence rate was 70.3%. Age in PCR-proven infection group (52.7 ± 15.3) was older than the PCR-negative group (44.4 ± 12.5) (p = 0.021). Glaucoma in PCR-proven infection group (44.1%) was more than in PCR-negative group (16.7%) (p = 0.018). Corneal endothelial cell count in PCR-proven infection group (1879.3 ± 952.3) was lower than in PCR-negative group (2532.9 ± 540.4) (p = 0.004).

Conclusion

Viral infection was found in one half of hypertensive anterior uveitis. The complications of PCR-proven infectious case were more severe than PCR-negative case.

Keywords:

• Corneal endothelial cell count
• cytomegalovirus
• Fuchs uveitis syndrome
• glaucoma
• Herpesviridae
• hypertensive anterior uveitis
• Posner–Schlossman syndrome
• viral anterior uveitis

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr Raveewan Choontanom, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Phramongkutklao Hospital for her advice. Also Mrs Supak Ukripchon, Phramongkutklao college of Medicine for statistics.

Author contributions

NK contributed to the study conception and design. NK and IT contributed to the acquisition of data. NK contributed analysis and interpretation of data. NK contributed to the drafting of manuscript. NK, IT, and PF contributed to the critical revision. All authors contributed toward data analysis, drafting, and critically revising the article and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. All authors attest that they meet the current ICMJE criteria for Authorship. This work involving human data were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. It was approved by the Institutional Review Board, Royal Thai Army Medical Department. For data availability, please contact author for data requests.