Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Endophthalmitis: Microbiologic Spectrum and Clinical Outcomes

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To report visual outcomes, microbiologic spectrum, and antibiotic resistance in endophthalmitis patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).

Methods: Retrospective study of 32 patients who underwent PPV with microbial analysis. Linear mixed models were utilized to compare visual acuity (VA).

Results: Streptococcal species and coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) were the most common organisms. No resistance to vancomycin or fluoroquinolones was observed. Culture-negative individuals had better VA and lower incidences of retinal detachment (RD) and hypotony and better VA than culture-positive group at post-surgical month 3 (p = .025) and marginally at month 12 (p = .098). CoNS endophthalmitis (final logMAR VA 0.80) was associated with better VA than Streptococcal endophthalmitis (final logMAR VA 2.36) (p = .001). Secondary RD was observed in 33.3% of non-cataract endophthalmitis.

Conclusion: No organisms were resistant to vancomycin or fluoroquinolones. Culture-negative endophthalmitis had better VA and lower rates of RD and hypotony than culture-positive group. A high rate of RD was observed in non-cataract endophthalmitis.

KEYWORDS:

• Endophthalmitis
• pars plana vitrectomy
• antibiotic resistance

Declaration of Interest

The authors report no potential conflicts of interest.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in 4TU.Datacentrum at https://doi.org/10.4121/uuid:ddaa138b-1d6f-4293-b724-9319bf7f6f67. (uuid:ddaa138b-1d6f-4293-b724-9319bf7f6f67).