Maternal serum midkine level increases in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus: a case-control study

Abstract

Objective

We aimed to compare maternal serum midkine level in pregnant women with different types of diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy pregnant women. We also assessed maternal serum midkine level performance to predict adverse neonatal outcomes in the DM group.

Methods

The study included 57 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 41 pregnant women with preexisting DMThe control group consisted of 98 healthy pregnant women.

Results

Serum midkine level is higher in the DM group than healthy ones (0.93 ± 0.8 vs. 0.23 ± 0.2, p<.001). When the diabetic groups were compared, the highest serum midkine level was found in GDM, followed by Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM (1.33 ± 0.9 ng/ml, 0.58 ± 0.5 ng/ml vs. 0.30 ± 0.2, respectively). Maternal serum midkine level was higher in the DM group with adverse perinatal outcomes than those without adverse outcomes, but there was no statistical difference (0.97 ± 0.91vs. 0.87 ± 0.73, p=.571).

Conclusions

Serum midkine level was significantly higher in pregnant women with GDM, Type 1, and 2 DM than healthy ones. Serum midkine level did not predict adverse neonatal outcomes in the DM group.

糖尿病孕妇血清妊娠中期因子水平升高：病例对照研究 摘要

目的:比较不同类型糖尿病孕妇和健康孕妇血清妊娠中期因子水平。我们还评估了糖尿病组孕妇血清妊娠中期因子水平对不良新生儿结局的预测作用。

方法:研究对象包括57例妊娠期糖尿病( GDM )孕妇和41例既往有糖尿病的孕妇, 对照组包括98例健康孕妇。

结果:糖尿病组血清妊娠中期因子水平高于健康对照组(0.93±0.8 vs .0.23±0.2, p < .001)。当对糖尿病组进行比较时, GDM的血清妊娠中期因子水平最高, 其次是1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病(分别为1.33±0.9 ng/ml、0.58±0.5 ng/ml和0.30±0.2 ng/ml)。围产期不良结局的糖尿病组母亲血清妊娠中期因子水平高于无不良结局的糖尿病组, 但无统计学差异(0.97±0.91 vs . 0.87±0.73, p .571)。

结论:GDM、1型和2型糖尿病孕妇血清妊娠中期因子水平明显高于健康孕妇。血清妊娠中期因子水平并不能预测糖尿病组新生儿的不良结局。

Keywords:

• Midkine
• diabetic pregnancy
• gestational diabetes mellitus
• preexisting diabetes mellitus
• perinatal outcomes

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.