Interleukin-15 are associated with insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Objective

To determine if higher levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-15 are positively associated with improvement in insulin resistance in postmenopausal women (PW) with metabolic syndrome (MS).

Methods

According to the median value of IL-15 at baseline, PW older than or equal to 45 years were divided into two groups: higher (n = 43) and lower (n = 42) IL-15. There was a 9-month follow-up period with clinical assessments at baseline and at 9 months (criteria of metabolic syndrome, body fat, and insulin resistance). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated according to the Homeostasis Model Assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). For IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, IL-15, and TNF-α was determined using immunoassay Magnetic Bead Panel.

Results

There was an interaction between the time and group only for insulin (p = .008) and HOMA-IR (p = .024). After adjusting for confounding variables (clinical and ILs), the HOMA-IR (p = .006) and insulin (p = .003) were lower in the higher-IL-15 group [HOMA-IR: 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9–2.5) and insulin: 9.1 µIU/mL (95% CI: 7.9–10.3)] when compared to the lower-IL-15 group [HOMA-IR: 3.1 (95% CI: 2.6–3.6) and insulin: 12.9 (95% CI: 11.1–14.9)] after 9 months of follow-up.

Conclusion

Higher levels of circulating IL-15 are positively associated with improvements in IR in PW with MS.

HIGHLIGHTS

• Higher levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-15 are positively associated with improvement in insulin resistance (IR) in postmenopausal women (PW) with metabolic syndrome (MS).

• This relationship is independent of levels of other cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, and TNF-α).

• The levels of circulating IL-15 may be used as a prognostic biomarker for IR in PW with MS.

• The study opens the door for future studies on IL-15's role in treating IR among PW with MS.

摘要

目的

确定较高水平的循环白细胞介素（IL）-15是否与患有代谢综合征（MS）的绝经后妇女（PW）胰岛素抵抗的改善呈正相关。

方法

根据基线时IL-15的中值, 年龄大于或等于45岁的PW分为两组：高IL-15组（n=43）和低IL-15组（n=42）。随访9个月, 在基线和9个月时分别进行临床评估（代谢综合征、体脂和胰岛素抵抗标准）。根据稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）计算胰岛素抵抗（IR）。使用免疫检测磁珠板测定IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, IL-15, 和TNF-α 。

结果

时间和组间仅存在胰岛素水平（p=0.008）和HOMA-IR（p=1.024）的相互作用。在对混杂变量（临床的和ILs）进行调整后, 与低IL-15组相比, 高IL-15组的HOMA-IR（p=0.006）和胰岛素水平（p=1.003）较低[HOMA-IR:2.2（95%CI:1.9–2.5）和胰岛素水平：9.1µIU/ml（95%CI:7.9–10.3）]。在9个月的随访后[HOMA-IR:3.1（95%CI:2.6–3.6）和胰岛素水平:12.9（95%CI:11.1–14.9）]。

结论

较高水平的循环IL-15与患有代谢综合征（MS）的绝经后妇女（PW）胰岛素抵抗的改善呈正相关。

Keywords:

• Insulin resistance
• metabolic syndrome
• postmenopausal
• interleukin-15
• cytokine

关键词:

• 胰岛素抵抗
• 代谢综合征
• 绝经后
• 白细胞介素-15
• 细胞因子

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP-Brazil), process number 2014/19382-3. FLO receives a research grant from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.