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Abstract
Purpose: A population-based case-control study was conducted in Yangjiang and Enping areas in South China to assess whether the risk of lens opacity induced by natural high background radiation exposure is modulated by polymorphisms of ATM and TP53.
Materials and methods: A total of 133 cases who were diagnosed with cortical and posterior subcapsular (PSC) opacity were recruited, and 419 healthy controls were selected through counter-matching in terms of radiation status. Genomic DNA from all the participants was genotyped with the Illumina platform for four single nucleotide polymorphisms of ATM (rs189037, rs373759, and rs4585) and TP53 (rs1042522). The cumulative lens dose received during the entire life was estimated based on annual indoor and outdoor radiation doses and gender- and age-specific occupancy factors. Non-conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results: ATM rs189037 and TP53 rs1042522 were significantly related to cortical and PSC opacity. The risk of opacity was higher when individuals carried the A allele of ATM rs189037 and C allele of TP53 rs1042522, compared with GG genotype. ATM rs189037 A allele carriers (AG/AA) and TP53 rs1042522 C allele carriers (CG/CC) combined with a cumulative lens dose of 100 mGy or higher showed statistically significant opacity risks (OR = 5.51, 95% CI: 1.47–20.66; OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.10–6.60).
Conclusion: The A allele of ATM rs189037 and C allele of TP53 rs1042522 increased the risk of lens opacity induced by radiation. These polymorphisms in ATM and TP53 might modify the risk of cortical and PSC opacity induced by chronic and prolonged low-dose radiation.
Acknowledgements
All authors wish to thank participants in the present study for their contributions. We also gratefully acknowledge the supports of manpower and laboratory facilities necessary from Yangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Enping Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Disclosure statement
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Yu Gao
Yu Gao, MPH, is a Ph.D candidate in the National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Yin-Ping Su
Yin-Ping Su, PhD, is an Associate Researcher of Radiological Protection at the National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Xiao-Liang Li
Xiao-Liang Li, MPH, is a Ph.D student and an Assistant Researcher of Radiological Protection at the National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Shu-Jie Lei
Shu-Jie Lei, MB, is an Associate Researcher of Radiological Protection at the National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
Hui-Feng Chen
Hui-Feng Chen, Ph.D., is a Chief Physician of Occupational Health and a Researcher at the Institute of Radiation Hygiene an Protection, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China.
Shi-Yue Cui
Shi-Yue Cui, PhD, is an Assistant Researcher of Radiological Protection at the National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Su-Fen Zhang
Su-Fen Zhang, M.Sc., is a Researcher at the Institute of Radiation Hygiene an Protection, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China.
Jian-Ming Zou
Jian-Ming Zou, PhD, is a Chief Physician of Radiological Health and a Researcher at the Institute of Radiation Hygiene an Protection, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China.
Qing-Jie Liu
Qing-Jie Liu, MD/PhD, is a Professor of Radiobiology, Deputy Director General, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. His research fields are biological effects of radiation and radiation biodosimetry.
Quan-Fu Sun
Quan-Fu Sun, PhD, is a Senior Researcher of Radiological Protection, Director General, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.