Management of water-based paint sludge originating from the automotive industry via composting

ABSTRACT

Water-based paint sludge generated from the automotive industry is considered a hazardous waste due to its high carbon content and is challenging and costly to manage. This study investigates the management of water-based paint sludge through the composting process, considering its high carbon content. The water-based paint sludge was composted in five separate reactors with the addition of treatment sludge from the same industry as co-substrate and inoculum, as well as sunflower stalks as a bulking agent. The ratio of paint sludge added to the compost mixtures varied between 40% and 80%. The highest temperature was achieved in reactors where industrial sludge was added, and the bulking agent was used at a rate of 20% (R3 and R5). The most efficient composting process was conducted with the addition of 60% water-based paint sludge, 20% treatment sludge, and 20% sunflower stalks (w/w, wet weight basis) (R3). During this process, reductions in organic matter content were observed due to organic matter mineralization, resulting in a decrease in moisture during the maturation phase and consequently reducing waste volumes. The composting process can be a useful tool in addressing the challenges of paint sludge management. Utilizing the composting process not only reduces waste volumes, thereby minimizing environmental impacts, but also offers a sustainable approach to paint sludge management by lowering disposal costs. It is also possible to achieve more effective results by composting paint sludge with different recipes and the use of various bulking agents.

Implications: Composting is a method that can be used to achieve stabilization, reduce the quantity, and enable biodrying of water-based paint sludge generated from the automotive industry. In this study, different ratios of paint sludge were mixed with treatment sludge from the same industry as co-substrate and inoculum, while sunflower stalks were added as a bulking agent, and a composting process was conducted. The addition of industrial wastewater treatment sludge and sunflower stalks has increased the efficiency of the paint sludge composting process. In the management of paint sludge, the composting process has emerged as a significant alternative that reduces disposal costs and environmental impacts.

Acknowledgment

The authors are grateful to Ecem Ozdemir, Nihan Aygun, Saban Pekacar, Dila Ates, and Busra Ozbek for their experimental efforts.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Research Fund of Bursa Uludag University, project number [OUAP (M)-2009/19].

Notes on contributors

Selnur Uçaroğlu

Selnur Uçaroğlu is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.

Behice Gamze Gümrah

Behice Gamze Gümrah is master’s students in the Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey