It starts from the womb: maximizing bone health

Abstract

The foundation of bone health is established in utero. Bone accrual starts from the developing fetus and continues throughout childhood and adolescence. This process is crucial to achieve peak bone mass. Understanding factors that influence bone accrual before attainment of peak bone mass is thus critical to improve bone health and prevent osteoporosis, thereby reducing the burden of osteoporotic fractures in older women. In this review, we broadly outline factors influencing peak bone mass from pregnancy to infancy, childhood and adolescence with potential diseases and medications that may affect the optimum trajectory to maximizing bone health. It is estimated that a 10% increase in peak bone mass will delay the onset of osteoporosis by 13 years in a woman.

从子宫开始：最大限度促进骨骼健康 摘要

骨骼健康的基础是在子宫内建立的。骨骼的积累从发育中的胎儿开始, 并持续到整个童年和青春期。这个过程对于达到峰值骨量至关重要。因此, 了解在达到骨量峰值之前影响骨积累的因素, 对于改善骨健康和预防骨质疏松症至关重要, 从而减少老年妇女骨质疏松性骨折的负担。本综述概述了从妊娠到婴儿期、儿童期和青春期影响骨量峰值的因素, 以及可能影响骨健康最大化的潜在疾病和药物。据估计, 骨量峰值增加10%将使妇女的骨质疏松的发病时间推迟13年。

Keywords:

• Childhood
• adolescence
• peak bone mass
• bone accrual
• vitamin D
• fetal

Potential conflict of interest

The authors have no potential conflict of interest.

Source of funding

Nil.

Correction Statement

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.