Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of thiamin supplements in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of thiamin supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 60 patients with GDM. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 100 mg/day thiamin supplements (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 6 weeks.

Results

Thiamin supplementation significantly decreased serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β − 0.98 mg/L; 95% CI, −1.54, −0.42; p = .001) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β − 0.86 µmol/L; 95% CI, −1.15, −0.57; p < .001) when compared with the placebo. In addition, thiamin supplementation downregulated gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (p = .002) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with GDM. Thiamin supplementation did not affect other biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Conclusion

Overall, thiamin supplementation for 6 weeks to patients with GDM significantly reduced hs-CRP and MDA levels, and gene expression of TNF-α, but did not affect other biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Clinical trial registration number

Clinical Trials.govIdentifier no. http://www.irct.ir: IRCT20170513033941N58.

Keywords:

• Thiamin
• inflammation
• oxidative stress
• gestational diabetes mellitus

Authors’ contributions

AA contributed in conception, design, statistical analysis and drafting of the manuscript. EA, EA, ZA, ZT, RS, IP and FN. contributed in conception, data collection and manuscript drafting. The final version was confirmed by all authors for submission.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

Research reported in this publication was supported by Elite Researcher Grant Committee under award number from the National Institutes for Medical Research Development (NIMAD) (no. 972616), Tehran, Iran.