Environmental pollutant sodium omadine: toxic effects in zebra fish (Danio rerio)

Abstract

In recent years one of the most striking results of over-population and consumption activities in the world is the rapid increase in environmental pollutants. Environmental pollutants, one of the harmful consequences of technological and modern life, threaten the health of people and other living organisms. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of sodium omadine (NaOM) on superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) activity as an antioxidant and on 8-OHdG levels as oxidative DNA damage in zebrafish. Zebrafish, obtained from the aquarium fish producer, were stocked in experimental aquariums to ensure their adaptation period to the experimental conditions 15 days before the experiment. The fish were exposed to 1 ug/L and 5 ug/L concentrations of NaOM for 24, 72, and 96 h. SOD enzyme activity (U/100 mg tissue) and 8-OHdG (pg/100 mg tissue) were measured using commercial kits. The statistically significant differences in tissue SOD levels and data for DNA damage between the groups were determined as time and dose-dependent (p < 0.05). Biocidal products are environmental pollutants that cause changes in antioxidant enzyme activities, especially in non-target organisms. Marine pollution and the degradation of ecosystems directly affect people, and the results of the study offer awareness of health problems, environmental pollution, and marine pollution.

Keywords:

• Environmental pollutant
• superoxide dismutase enzyme activity
• DNA damage
• sodium omadine
• zebrafish

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Gazi University Scientific Project Unit with Project no: 01/2017-31. The authors would like to thank Sahra Setenay Baran for evaluating the data.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval

This study was reviewed and approved by Gazi University Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee (approval number G.Ü.ET-17.054).

Availability of data and materials

The data set supporting the results of this article is included within the article.