Exergy analysis and optimization of multiple injection parameters of a diesel engine with Taguchi method

ABSTRACT

Multiple injection parameters have a significant effect on performance and emission formation in diesel engines. This study presents the optimization of these parameters with Taguchi method for different engine operating conditions. The experiments were conducted using four injections per cycle named Pilot1 (P1), Pilot2 (P2), Main (M), and Post (Po). The input parameters considered were injection timings and fuel quantities for each injection, while the output parameters were brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and nitrogen oxides (NO_x) emissions. According to the results, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that the durations of the P2 (D_P2) and Po (D_Po) and the start of the Main (SOI M) injection are very significant on BSFC and NO_x emissions as independent of the engine speed. Based on contribution ratios at 1750 rpm and 2250 rpm operating conditions, D_Po is the most effective parameter on BSFC with 47.28% and 51.30%, while D_P2 has the greatest impact on NO_x emissions with 37.96% and 61.80%, respectively. It is found from the optimization model obtained by using the Signal/Noise (S/N) ratios that injecting 5% of the total fuel in the post-injection phase could simultaneously improve BSFC and NO_x emissions. Furthermore, the optimization model generally reduces heat loss exergy, exhaust exergy, and exergy destruction compared to the experimental values.

KEYWORDS:

• Multiple injections
• Taguchi
• signal/noise ratio
• NO_x emissions
• BSFC
• exergy

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Erdoğan Güner

Erdoğan Güner is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Atatürk University, Turkey. His research expertise and interests are Artificial Intelligence, Internal Combustion Engines, and Solar Energy.

Galip Kaltakkıran

Galip Kaltakkıran obtained his MSc and PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from Atatürk University, in 2014 and 2020. He is currently a Dr. at the Electrical-Electronics Engineering Department of Ardahan University in Turkey. His research expertise and interests are Internal Combustion Engines, Solar Energy, and Thermodynamics.

Kadir Bakirci

Kadir Bakirci is currently a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Atatürk University, Turkey. His areas of interests include Solar Energy Applications, Heat Pump System, and Energy Technologies.

M. Akif Ceviz

M. Akif Ceviz is currently a Professor in the Mechanical Engineering at Erzurum Technical University, Turkey. His research expertise and interests are Internal Combustion Engines, Energy, Thermodynamics, and Vehicle Technology.