Do enamel and dentine caries at 5 years of age predict caries development in newly erupted teeth? A prospective longitudinal study

Figures & data

Table 1. Children according to gender, parental background, parental education and family status (n = 3282).

	All children
	% (n)
Gender
Girl	48.3 (1586)
Boy	51.7 (1696)
Parental background
Both Western	86.7 (2847)
One or both non-Western	13.2 (435)
Parental education*
Both high	57.9 (1900)
One or both low	42.1 (1381)
Family status at 5 years of age*
Two parent family	88.5 (2905)
One parent family	11.3 (368)

^* Reduced because of internal dropout.

Figure 1. Proportion of 5- and 12-year-old children according to caries status (n = 3282).

Table 2. Dentine caries experience at tooth and surface level in children at 5 years of age. All children (n = 3282) and children with dentine caries experience (n = 510).

	All children, Mean (SD)		Children with dentine caries experience, Mean (SD)
	Tooth	Surface	Tooth	Surface
Decayed	0.4 (1.3)	0.5 (1.9)	2.5 (2.3)	3.1 (3.8)
Missed	0.0 (0.4)	0.1 (1.0)	0.2 (1.0)	0.6 (2.5)
Filled	0.1 (0.6)	0.1 (0.9)	0.8 (1.4)	1.1 (2.0)
Decayed, missed, filled	0.5 (1.7)	0.7 (2.7)	3.5 (2.9)	4.8 (5.2)

Table 3. Dentine caries experience at tooth and surface level in children at 12 years of age. All children (n = 3282) and children with dentine caries experience (n = 1060).

	All children, Mean (SD)		Children with dentine caries experience, Mean (SD)
	Tooth	Surface	Tooth	Surface
Decayed	0.2 (0.7)	0.3 (0.8)	0.8 (1.0)	0.9 (1.3)
Missed	0.0 (0.1)	0.0 (0.5)	0.0 (0.2)	0.1 (0.7)
Filled	0.4 (0.8)	0.5 (1.2)	1.2 (1.1)	1.5 (1.7)
Decayed, missed, filled	0.6 (1.2)	0.8 (1.7)	2.0 (1.3)	2.5 (2.0)

Figure 2. Longitudinal changes in enamel and dentine caries prevalence in children from 5 to 12 years of age.

Table 4. Number of surfaces with enamel caries and dentine caries experience at 12 years of age related to dentine caries prevalence at 5 years of age, mean (SD) (n = 3282).

5 years of age	12 years of age	12 years of age
Dentine caries prevalence	Enamel caries Mean (SD)	Dentine caries Mean (SD)
No	1.1 (1.9)	0.6 (1.4)
Yes	2.8 (4.2)	1.8 (2.5)

Dentine caries p < .05.

Enamel caries p < .05.

Table 5. Children with dentine caries experience at 12 years of age according to caries variables controlled for child characteristics at 5 years of age. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

	Bivariate (n = 3282)	Multivariate (n = 3272)
	OR (95%)	OR (95%)
Approximal enamel caries at 5 years of age
No (ref)
Yes	2.2 (1.8–2.8)	^a
Approximal dentine caries at 5 years of age
No (ref)
Yes	3.2 (2.5–4.1)	^a
Only enamel caries at 5 years of age
No (ref)
Yes	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	1.6 (1.2–2.0)
Dentine caries at 5 years of age
No (ref)
Yes	3.3 (2.7–4.0)	3.2 (2.6–3.9)
Parental background
Both Western (ref)
One or both non-Western	1.8 (1.4–2.2)	1.2 (1.0–1.5)
Parental education
Both high (ref)
One or both low	1.4 (1.2–1.6)	1.2 (1.0–1.4)
Family status at 5 years of age
Two-parent family (ref)
One-parent family	1.5 (1.2–1.9)	1.4 (1.1–1.7)
Gender
Boy (ref)
Girl	1.1 (09–1.2)	1.1 (1.0–1.3)

ref: reference. Statistical significant differences marked in bold.

^aNot included in multivariate analysis.