Long-term follow-up of osteoradionecrosis of the mandible

Figures & data

Table 1. Requirements for inclusion in the study.

Inclusion criteria
A first-time patient receiving curative radiotherapy
Existing tumor in the area
No use of bisphosphonates

Table 2. Causes of exclusion in the study.

Exclusion criteria
Non-radiated patients
Palliative treatment
Recurrent cancer including RT a second time
Cancer of the hard or soft palate
Carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva
Surgical removal of cancer
Lack of patient information

Table 3. Gathered information of each specific patient.

1. Date of tumor conference, i.e. date of diagnosis
2. Diagnosis
3. Tumor side (right or left)
4. Tumor classification (TNM)
5. Tumor stage (I, II, III, IV)
6. Previous malignancies other than oropharynx, date of the diagnosed malignancy
7. General health (cardiovascular disease, thyroid disorders, diabetes, lung disease)
8. Smoking, alcohol, snuff
9. Radiotherapy (radiated or not, amount of Gy to right and left side, date of radiation, radiation to primary tumor, radiation technique, fractioning, the mean dose, maximal point dose, if the mandible was counted/included in the CT before RT)
10. Mouth guards (use of mandibular protection device and mouth opening device)
11. Chemotherapy (kind of chemotherapy and times administered)
12. Brachytherapy (yes/no and amount in Gy)
13. P16 (positive/negative/not tested)
14. Radiographic changes within irradiated area
15. ORN (date of diagnosis and area of necrosis)
16. ORN staging (according to Schwartz and Kagan [28])
17. Oral Health Data (before and after RT if applicable)
18. Final date of check up
19. Cancer recurrence
20. Deceased or living (date of death)

Table 4. Patient and tumor characteristics.

	n (%)
TNM
T1	85 (19)
T2	191 (42)
T3	66 (15)
T4	108 (24)
Stage
I	9
II	45
III	50
IV	346

Table 5. Radiotherapy.

	n (%)
Radiotherapy
IMRT	272 (60%)
3DCRT	119 (26%)
VMAT	59 (13%)
IMRT + brachytherapy	97 (36%)
3DCRT + brachytherapy	103 (86%)
VMAT + brachytherapy	5 (8%)

Figure 1. Protection guard.

Figure 2. Mandibular protection guard.

Schwartz HC, Kagan AR. Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: scientific basis for clinical staging. Am J Clin Oncol. 2002;25(2):168–171. doi: 10.1097/00000421-200204000-00013.

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