Effect of harvest date and storage duration on chemical composition, sugar and phenolic profile of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples from northwest Mexico

Figures & data

Table 1 Effect of harvest date and storage duration on chemical composition of ‘Golden Delicious’ apple samples at harvest and after 8 months of controlled atmosphere storage at 4 °C.

	EH		LH
	At harvest (g 100 g^−1 DW)	After 8 months’ storage (g 100 g^−1 DW)	At harvest (g 100 g^−1 DW)	After 8 months’ storage (g 100 g^−1 DW)
Minerals	1.79 ± 0.03^a	1.68 ± 0.05^a	1.83 ± 0.08^a	1.78 ± 0.06^a
Protein	1.90 ± 0.08^b	1.58 ± 0.06^a	1.97 ± 0.01^b	1.67 ± 0.05^a
Lipids	1.36 ± 0.02^d	0.95 ± 0.04^b	1.24 ± 0.02^c	0.84 ± 0.00^a
Carbohydrates	94.94 ± 1.23^a	95.51 ± 1.71^a	96.46 ± 1.56^a	96.66 ± 1.08^a

EH, early harvest; LH, late harvest.

Each value represents the mean of three replicates ± SD. Means in a row with different letters are significantly different under the test of Tukey (P < 0.05).

Figure 1 Changes in total phenolic content, determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples during storage under controlled atmosphere. Each data point represents the mean of three replicates ± standard deviation. EH, early harvesting; LH, late harvesting.

Table 2 Phenolic profile of ‘Golden Delicious’ apple samples at two harvest seasons and after 8 months of storage at 4 °C under controlled atmosphere.

	EH		LH
	At harvest (mg 100 g^−1 DW)	After 8 months’ storage (mg 100 g^−1 DW)	At harvest (mg 100 g^−1 DW)	After 8 months’ storage (mg 100 g^−1 DW)
Epicatechin	95.58 ± 1.41^b	84.36 ± 1.69^a	104.22 ± 2.11^c	189.32 ± 2.97^d
Chlorogenic acid	52.66 ± 0.75^b	48.58 ± 0.89^a	58.85 ± 1.05^c	115.44 ± 1.31^d
Catechin	24.05 ± 0.84^a	22.23 ± 0.40^a	29.79 ± 0.61^b	41.20 ± 0.94^c
Phloridzin	13.43 ± 0.09^b	11.98 ± 0.12^a	17.02 ± 0.83^c	28.09 ± 0.89^d
C-3-Gal	8.54 ± 0.02^a	8.21 ± 0.32^a	12.11 ± 0.27^b	17.31 ± 0.25^c
Q-3-Gal	6.13 ± 0.43^a	5.91 ± 0.06^a	5.77 ± 0.31^a	11.42 ± 0.12^b
Q-3-Glu	4.21 ± 0.01^a	4.68 ± 0.29^a	5.31 ± 0.03^b	9.06 ± 0.05^c

EH, early harvest; LH, late harvest; C-3-Gal, cyanidin-3-galactoside; Q-3-Gal, quercetin-3-galactoside; Q-3-Glu, quercetin-3-glucoside.

Each value represents the mean of three replicates ± SD. Means in a row with different letters are significantly different under the test of Tukey (P < 0.05).

Figure 2 Changes in antioxidant activities for: A, FRAP; B, DPPH; C, TEAC of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples during storage under controlled atmosphere. Each data point represents the mean of three replicates ± standard deviation. EH, early harvesting; LH, late harvesting.

Figure 3 Changes in: A, sucrose; B, fructose; C, glucose content of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples during storage under controlled atmosphere. Each data point represents the mean of three replicates ± standard deviation. EH, early harvesting; LH, late harvesting.