Using starling murmuration as a model for creating a global health community of practice to advance equity in scholarship

Figures & data

Figure 1. The GHS-CoP components.

Table 1. Description of GHS-CoP continuing professional development sessions.

Session	Topic and learning objectives	Technology application used
Core Series I – Fundamentals of Scholarship (90-min sessions)
Global Health Scholarship Community of Practice Program Overview	Provide overview of program framework, activities, and goals	Virtual Home CoPs Groups, Zoom
Scholarship Re-defined and Re-strategized	Describe the application of scholarship within global health and our Network’s context
Coffee and Conversation: Journey as a Scholar	CoP members share their experiences of transforming their daily activities into scholarly activities
Texas Medical Center (TMC) Library Orientation	TMC librarian unlocks a whole new world of knowledge and resources	Electronic library, Zoom
Navigating Literature Using Reference Manager	Explore “Is my research question novel?” by navigating published literature using reference management software	Mendeley, Zoom
Creating Effective e-Posters	Share best practices to create engaging e-posters, oriented on the use of VoiceThread, and provide resources and templates for e-posters in preparation for RAISE Symposium	VoiceThread, Zoom
Using PubMed, Medline, OVID, and Embase	Workshop to enhance fundamental scholarly skills of searching and finding information for literature review	Electronic library, Zoom
Core Series II – Writing Workshop (90-min sessions) “Scholarly Writing: Crafting Your Story for Optimal Impact”
Are you prepared? Common Pitfalls to Avoid	Explore common pitfalls writers encounter and provides solutions and tools to ensure writers are prepared to succeed	Virtual Home CoPs, Virtual Home Cloud Collaboration Tool, Zoom
Be Safe, Not Sorry: Ethics to Incorporate	Elaborate on various ethical considerations such as criteria for qualified authorship and plagiarism
Bonus: Review to Date	A bonus session to review content from sessions 1 + 2. Dynamic discussion around narrative synthesis review, navigating authorship criteria, and ways to engage in scholarship in your day-to-day activities.
Start the Writing Process: journey and story	Examine the steps in the writing process, how to capture reader’s attention, and the art of narrative (telling an important story)
Get it on Paper: Structuring Your Manuscript	Explain different ways to structure a manuscript, with a focus on scientific (IMRAD) and narrative synthesis formats
Review Writing Progress	Open consultation to answer questions about past content and provide individual guidance on manuscript drafts
Make it Count: Clean Up, Submit, Respond to Reviewers	Explore the final stages of polishing a manuscript for submission and the process after submission. A writing group share their collaboration experience and process.
CoPs Sessions (60-min sessions)
Scholarship Competency Inventory Self-Assessment and Forming CoPs	Introduction of inventory and break out into smaller CoPs to get to know other members in small groups, their interests, and explore possible collaborative projects	SurveyMonkey, Virtual Home Groups, Zoom
Forming CoPs (3 sessions)	Continue getting to know other members in small groups and exploring possible collaborative projects	Virtual Home Groups, Zoom
Incubator Session with Team AMA-ZING-ZING (Eswatini)	A team from Eswatini presented their project, “A quality improvement initiative to close gaps in attaining the third UNAIDS 95-95-95 target among CALHIV” and CoP members incubate solutions and ideas.	Virtual Home Groups, Virtual Home Cloud Collaboration Tool, Zoom
Incubator Session with Team Tanzania	A team from Tanzania presented their project, “Acceptability survey for pediatric formulations available for lopinavir/ritonavir” and members incubate solutions and ideas.
Coffee and Conversation: Journey as Writer	CoP members shared their experiences of writing in various media, including sharing their work through scholarly writing.	Zoom

Figure 2. Geographic representation of GHS-CoP members.

Table 2. Tangible scholarly outcomes from GHS-CoP members.

Peer-reviewed publications	Distribution of author representation
Perspective on RAISE Symposium and increasing access to conference and enhancing research capacity for colleagues in LMIC	LMIC-6, HIC-5 (Eswatini, Malawi, Uganda, Tanzania, USA)
Health Disparities in Children and Adolescents Living in LMIC during COVID-19 Pandemic	HIC-3 (USA)
Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Adolescents Living with HIV	LMIC-5, HIC-1 (Eswatini, Malawi, Uganda, USA)
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Nutritional Status, Feeding Practices and Access to Food Among Infants and Children in LMIC	LMIC- 1, HIC-4 (Malawi, USA)
Impact of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic on Neonatal Nutrition: Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries	LMIC-1, HIC-3 (Malawi, USA)
COVID-19 Impact on Disparity in Childhood Immunization in Low- and Middle-Income Countries through the Lens of Historical Pandemics	LMIC-2, HIC-2 (Botswana, Uganda, USA)
Disparities in Accessing Sexual and Reproductive Health Services and Rights Among Adolescents and Young People during COVID-19 Pandemic: Culture, Economic, and Gender Perspectives	LMIC-2, HIC-2 (Uganda, Lesotho, USA)
COVID-19 ignited a successful growth spurt in Pediatric HIV Differentiated Service Delivery programming	LMIC-2, HIC-1 (Eswatini, Uganda, Scotland)
Impact of COVID-19 on non-communicable diseases	LMIC- 2, HIC- 1 (Argentina, Malawi, Italy)
Conference abstracts and presentations
The Global Health Scholarship Community of Practice Program: forming collective identity through sharing, learning, and collaboration	LMIC-1, HIC-5 (Uganda, USA)
Hospital Pediatric Grand Rounds Presentation	LMIC-3, HIC-1 (Botswana, Eswatini, Uganda, USA)
71 abstracts accepted at RAISE Symposium, with ∼ 30 receiving coaching through the GHS-CoP	LMIC-all
2 abstracts from RAISE Symposium accepted at international scientific conference	LMIC-2

Table 3. Representative quotes from GHS-CoP members describing program.

Autonomy	Mastery	Purpose
“Participating in abstract writing for the first time since joining the organization 4 years ago”	“Learning about projects at other sites, the issues they face, and brainstorm how to improve them”	“The sense of being connected to others who are in other countries”
“Expressing my areas of interest and learning what others do and what they intend to achieve”	“Explaining an idea to others helps to identify its most important aspects”	“Identifying that most of what I do is scholarly activities or potentially are scholarly activities”
“Getting to meet people from across the world and learning about their experience, new perspectives”	“Giving feedback to participants sharing their work, including how to further analyze data“	“Feeling that we are all in ‘one boat’ when it comes to complications with doing scholarly work”
“Sharing individual needs that we will benefit from this community of practice”	“Questions from participants were thoughtful and help improve our work”	“The assurance that I am not alone but I have a community of friends to help me reach my goal”
“Taking time to list 3 ways we will contribute”	“Sharing ideas, which happened more robustly in smaller CoPs”
	“Learning about how to transform everyday work into scholarship”

Figure 3. The GHS-CoP Guiding principles based on murmuration.

Data availability statement

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current program evaluation are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.