Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and dehydroepiandrosterone levels and cervical length of Egyptian women with a history of recurrent miscarriages, polycystic ovary syndrome and without the conditions at three stages of pregnancy

Figures & data

Table 1. Anthropometric data (mean ± sd) of women with a history of recurrent miscarriages (RM, n = 40), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, n = 38) and healthy control group (HC, n = 40) at week eight of pregnancy.

	PCOS	RM	HC
Age ( year)	30.5 ± 3.8	30.9 ± 3.8	29.5 ± 3.7
Height (cm)	1.44 ± 0.09^a	1.50 ± 0.09^e	1.57 ± 0.06^c
Weight (kg)	57.0 ± 9.4^a	64.0 ± 11.4^d	65.6 ± 8.3^b
Body Mass Index	27.4 ± 3.0	28.1 ± 3.2	26.6 ± 2.5

^ap < 0.05 (PCOS vs. RM).

^bp = 0.001, ^cp = 0.000 (PCOS vs. HC).

^dp < 0.05, ^e p = 0.001 (RM vs. HC).

Table 2. Mean (±sd) cervical length (CL, mm) and total testosterone (TT, mmol/L), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG, mmol/L) dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, mmol/L), free androgen index (FAI) levels of women with a history of recurrent miscarriages (RM, n = 40), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, n = 38) and healthy controls (HC, n = 40) at three stages of pregnancy.

Gestation weeks		PCOS	RM	HC
Eight	TT	1.96 ± 0.53^c	1.37 ± 0.30	1.48 ± 0.28^d
	SHBG	44.0 ± 11.6^c	99.8 ± 18.0^f	89.05 ± 13.4^e
	DHEA	4.04 ± 1.17^a	4.82 ± 0.75^g	3.7 ± 0.52
	FAI	4.83 ± 1.88^c	1.42 ± 0.39	1.68 ± 0.38^e
	CL	34.7 ± 5.2	33.7 ± 4.6^h	40.7 ± 3.5^d
Sixteen	TT	2.42 ± 0.34^c	1.9 ± 0.25	2 .0 ± 0.26^e
	SHBG	73.5 ± 18.1^c	123.5 ± 22.9^g	105.3 ± 15.9^e
	DHEA	6.27 ± 1.08	6.63 ± 0.84^h	4.52 ± 0.44^e
	FAI	3.52 ± 1.14^c	1.59 ± 0.36	1.48 ± 0.19^e
	CL	27.3 ± 9.7^a	29.8 ± 9.1^h	39.8 ± 2.9^e
Twenty	TT	2.52 ± 0.26^a	2.29 ± 0.34^h	3.07 ± 0.42^e
	SHBG	86.1 ± 13.5^c	134.2 ± 19.4^g	120.2 ± 14.9^e
	DHEA	6.48 ± 0.83	6.71 ± 0.80^h	3.09 ± 0.54^e
	FAI	2.95 ± 0.57^c	1.76 ± 0.36^h	2.59 ± 0.45^d
	CL	22.1 ± 7.6	24.3 ± 9.1^h	37.5 ± 3.7^e

^ap < 0.05, ^bp = 0.001, ^cp = 0.000 (PCOS vs. RM).

^cp < 0.05, ^dp = 0.001, ^ep = 0.000 (PCOS vs. HC).

^fp < 0.05, ^gp = 0.001, ^hp = 0.000 (RM vs. HC).

Table 3. Mean (±sd) changes of cervical length (CL, mm) and total testosterone (TT, mmol/L), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG, mmol/L) dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, mmol/L), free androgen index (FAI) levels of women with a history of recurrent miscarriages (RM, n = 40), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, n = 38) and healthy controls (HC, n = 40) with the progress of pregnancy.

		Week 8	Week 16	Week 20
TT	PCOS	1.96 ± 0.53^c	2.42 ± 0.34	2.52 ± 0.26^e
	RM	1.37 ± 0.30^c	1.90 ± 0.25^h	2.29 ± 0.34^e
	HC	1.48 ± 0.28^c	2.0 ± 0.26^h	3.07 ± 0.42^e
SHBG	PCOS	44.0 ± 11.6^c	73.5 ± 18.1^g	86.1 ± 13.5^e
	RM	99.8 ± 18.0^c	123.5 ± 22.9^f	133.4 ± 19.6^e
	HC	89.1 ± 13.4^c	105.3 ± 15.9^h	120.2 ± 14.8^e
DHEA	PCOS	4.04 ± 1.17^c	6.27 ± 1.08	6.48 ± 0.83^e
	RM	4.82 ± 0.75^c	6.63 ± 0.84	6.73 ± 0.80^e
	HC	3.7 ± 0.52^c	4.52 ± 0.44^h	3.09 ± 0.54^e
FAI	PCOS	4.83 ± 1.88^b	3.53 ± 1.14	2.95 ± 0.58^e
	RM	1.42 ± 0.39	1.59 ± 0.36	1.76 ± 0.36^d
	HC	1.68 ± 0.38^a	1.48 ± 0.19^h	2.59 ± 0.45^e
CL	PCOS	34.7 ± 5.2^b	27.3 ± 9.7^g	22.1 ± 7.6^e
	RM	33.7 ± 4.6^a	29.8 ± 9.1^g	24.3 ± 9.1^e
	HC	40.7 ± 3.5	39.8 ± 2.7^f	37.5 ± 3.7^d

^ap < 0.05, ^bp = 0.001, ^cp = 0.000 (8 vs. 16 week).

^dp = 0.001, ^ep = 0.000 (8 vs. 20 week).

^fp < 05, ^gp = 0.001, ^hp = 0.000 (16 vs. 20 week).

Figure 1. Changes in mean (±se) dehydroepiandrostrone (DHEA) concentration of women with recurrent miscarriages, polycystic ovary syndrome, and healthy control group between pergnancy week 8 and 20.

Notations – ^ap = 0.000(8 vs. 16 week); ^bp = 0.000 (8 vs. 20 week);^cp = 0.000 (16 vs. 20 week).

Figure 2. Changes in mean (±se) sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentration of women with recurrent miscarriages, polycystic ovary syndrome, and healthy control group between pergnancy week 8 and 20.

Notations – ^ap = 0.000(8 vs. 16 week); ^bp = 0.000 (8 vs. 20 week); ^cp < 0.05, ^dp < 0.001, ^ep < 0.000, (16 vs. 20 week).

Figure 3. Changes in mean (±se) cervical length of women with recurrent miscarriages, polycystic ovary syndrome, and healthy control group between pergnancy week 8 and 20.

Notations – ^ap < 0.05, ^bp < 0.001 (8 vs. 16 week); ^cp = 0.001, ^cp = 0.000 (8 vs. 20 week); ^d p < 0.05 ^ep = 0.001 (16 vs. 20 week).