Physical Health of People with Mental Illness: A Snapshot of Consumer Engagement in the Provision of Care in Primary Care

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic and clinical variables of participants who consulted their GP for mental health care compared to those who consulted their GP and had a case manager.

Characteristics	GP + CM (n = 66)	GP only (n = 34)	p Value
Age (years), mean (SD)	46.17 (12.19)	49.35 (11.27)	0.207
The period has been with their GP (years), mean (SD)	8.14 (6.702)	9.28 (7.08)	0.430
Gender, n (%)
Male	32 (48.5)	13 (38.2)	0.398
Female	34 (51.5)	21 (61.8)
ICD10 classification, n (%)
F00-F09 organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders	0 (0.0)	3 (8.8)	0.104
F10-F19 mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance	1 (1.5)	1 (2.9)
F20-F29 schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders	26 (40.0)	11 (32.4)
F30-F39 mood (affective) disorders	22 (33.9)	10 (29.4)
F40-F48 neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders	6 (9.2)	1 (2.9)
F50-F59 behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors	2 (1.9)	2 (2.9)
F60-F69 disorders of adult personality and behaviour	7 (10.8)	7 (20.6)
F99 mental disorder, not otherwise specified	1 (1.5)	1 (2.9)
BMI-WHO groupings, n (%)
Normal 18.5 − 24.9	14 (21.2)	4 (11.8)	0.429
Overweight to obese 25–>40	49 (74.2)	29 (85.3)
Underweight <18.4	3 (4.5)	1 (2.9)
Smoking status, n (%)
Yes	36 (54.5)	12 (35.3)	0.091
No	30 (45.5)	22 (64.7)
Reason for visiting a GP in the previous year, n (%)
Physical health	41 (62.1)	17 (50.0)	0.288
Physical and mental health issues	25 (37.9)	17 (50.0)
In the last year visited the emergency department, n (%)
Yes	26 (39.4)	16 (47.1)
No	40 (60.6)	18 (52.9)	0.524
Satisfaction with GP, mean (SD)	3.1 (.078)	3.2 (.060)	0.203
GP prescribes medications for their mental illness
Yes	25 (39.9)	19 (55.9)	0.667
No	41 (62.1)	15 (44.1)
In the last year, GP screened for medication side-effects
Yes	41 (62.1)	21 (61.8)	1.000
No	25 (37.9)	13 (38.2)

Key: GP: general practitioner; CM: case manager; significant p value assessed at 0.05.

Table 2. Proportion of participants offered age-recommended screening tests (n = 59) compared to national screening rates for similar timeframes.

Screening for >50 years (n = 59)	GP + CM (n = 43)	GP only (n = 16)		Australia age-recommended screening rates.
Test	n (%)	n (%)	p Value
Offered any of the tests
Yes	2 (4.7)	1 (6.3)	1.000
No	41 (95.3)	15 (93.8)
Mammogram (females n = 34)				50–74 yrs. − 2021–2022
Yes	1 (2.3)	1 (6.3)	0.472	50%
No	18 (97.7)	15 (93.8)
Pap smear (females n = 34)				25–74 yrs. 2018–2022
Yes	0 (0)	1 (6.3)	0.271	68%
No	18 (100)	15 (93.8)
PSA (males n = 25)				*
Yes	0 (0)	0 (0)	–
No	20 (100)	5 (100)
sColonoscopy
Yes	0 (0)	0 (0)	–
No	43 (100)	16 (100)
FOBT				50–74 yrs. − 2021–2022
Yes	1 (2.3)	0 (0)	1.000	40.9%
No	42 (97.7)	16 (100)
Skin cancer screening				*
Yes	2 (0)	1 (0)	–
No	43 (100)	16 (100)
Diabetes screening				*
Yes	2 (4.7)	1 (6.3)	1.000
No	41 (95.3)	15 (93.8)

Key: GP: general practitioner; CM: case manager; PAP: Papanicolaou smear; PSA: prostate-specific antigen test; FOBT: faecal occult blood test; *national data not available.

Significant p value assessed at 0.05.

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of factors that influence screening for medication side-effects (n = 100).

	B	SE.	Wald	df	Sig.	OR	95% Confidence interval for OR
							Lower	Upper
ED referrals: If referred by GP to ED in the previous year (ref cat = No)	4.814	1.793	7.210	1	0.007	12.32	3.670	41.395
Gender: (ref cat = male)	−4.267	2.058	4.299	1	0.038	0.014	0.000	0.792
Smoking status: (ref cat = No)	−2.925	1.484	3.883	1	0.049	0.054	0.003	0.985
Main provider: GP only or GP and a case manager (ref cat = GP only)	−2.176	1.335	2.658	1	0.103	0.113	0.008	1.552
Consultation type: Physical health care only/physical and mental health care (ref cat = physical only)	−2.688	1.363	3.886	1	0.049	0.068	0.005	0.985
BMI categories: Overweight to obese/normal wt. (ref cat = normal wt.)	2.698	1.563	2.979	1	0.084	14.85	0.694	31.779
Age	−0.052	0.054	0.904	1	0.342	0.950	0.854	1.056
Constant	4.231	4.108	1.061	1	0.303	68.81

Variable(s) entered on step 1 block 1 = If referred by GP the ED in the last year; gender; smoking status, visits GP + mental health services for treatment; Step 1 block 2 = reason for the GP visit, BMI_WHO Classification, age.

Key: ED: emergency department; GP: general practitioner; BMI: body mass index; wt.: weight; ref cat: reference category; B: intercept; SE: standard error; Wald: chi-square characteristics; df: degrees of freedom; sig: p value; OR: odds ratio.