Framing the housing crisis: politicization and depoliticization of the Dutch housing debate

Figures & data

Figure 1. Key indicators of the Dutch housing crisis: (a) house-price increases, (b) a slump in new constructions, (c) tenure shifts, (d) tenure shifts among young adults, (e) increasing housing affordability stress, and (f) social-housing residualization. Notes: (1) both axes differ per graph; (2) OWN = owner-occupation, SRS = social-rental sector, PRS = private-rental sector; (3) housing affordability stress is defined as spending more than 30% of gross income on basic rent (no utilities); (4) social-housing residualization is defined as the share of tenants belonging to the poorest 20% households. Sources: (a) own adaptation of CBS (2023a); (b) own adaptation of CBS (2023b) and Aedes data; (c) own adaptation of Musterd (2014) and CBS (2023c); (d) and (e) own calculations using the WoON survey; (f) own adaptation of SCP (2017) and WoON survey calculations.

Figure 2. Number of parliamentary notes (panel a) and newspaper items (panel b) mentioning the terms housing crisis, housing shortage or housing distress per (parliamentary) year. Also see Appendices A and B for additional queries.

Table

	Housing crisis I	Housing crisis II	Housing distress	Housing shortage	Crisis + housing market	Crisis + mortgage
2000-01			9	11	11	16
2001-02			5	11	4	16
2002-03			6	36	8	21
2003-04			33	30	18	21
2004-05			53	30	13	21
2005-06			46	34	21	21
2006-07			39	23	22	19
2007-08			31	27	30	37
2008-09			33	31	151	160
2009-10			29	23	140	151
2010-11			7	13	134	111
2011-12			10	18	173	191
2012-13			18	22	266	230
2013-14			6	19	240	200
2014-15			9	23	199	165
2015-16			20	37	222	184
2016-17		1	33	31	144	115
2017-18		0	51	51	170	135
2018-19	8	3	110	148	228	141
2019-20	74	23	218	210	308	183
2020-21	98	21	287	205	315	199
2021-22	125	43	224	147	262	147

Table

	Housing crisis I	Housing crisis II	Housing distress	Housing shortage	Crisis + housing market	Crisis + mortgage
2000			91	18		10
2001			83	10		32
2002		1	149	17	2	26
2003		0	174	11	0	28
2004		0	157	23	0	12
2005	1	1	128	36	1	21
2006	0	2	70	29	0	10
2007	0	2	110	32	0	114
2008	0	2	108	28	18	296
2009	0	1	101	15	26	389
2010	0	1	120	8	18	271
2011	0	3	84	19	39	285
2012	0	6	91	12	59	490
2013	0	2	95	13	55	448
2014	0	4	80	16	32	257
2015	1	0	107	14	24	223
2016	0	2	126	29	16	163
2017	3	3	158	46	14	152
2018	3	2	223	82	17	116
2019	25	42	305	107	18	91
2020	32	25	403	161	19	172
2021	300	97	748	295	40	104
2022	311	129	643	255	19	50

CBS (2023a) Bestaande koopwoningen; verkoopprijzen prijsindex 2015 = 100 (Den Haag: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek).

 Google Scholar

CBS (2023b) Voorraad woningen en niet-woningen; mutaties, gebruiksfunctie, regio (Den Haag: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek).

 Google Scholar

Musterd, S. (2014) Public housing for whom? Experiences in an era of mature neo-liberalism: The Netherlands and Amsterdam, Housing Studies, 29, pp. 467–484.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

CBS (2023c) Voorraad woningen; eigendom, type verhuurder, bewoning, regio (Den Haag: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek).

 Google Scholar

SCP (2017) Sociale staat van Nederland 2017 (Den Haag: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau).

 Google Scholar