The treatment of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma: Improved survival in a developing country

Figures & data

Table I.  Clinical and demographic characteristics of all patients.

		According to Years
Characteristics	All Patients	1971–1980	1981–1990	1991–2000	2001–2005
Age (range)	8, (2–21)	8, (2–18)	8, (2–18)	8, (2–21)	9.25 (3–16)
Age distribution
0–4	93 (15%)	14 (10%)	47 (18%)	29 (20%)	3 (5%)
5–9	281 (46%)	73 (49%)	124 (47%)	59 (39%)	25 (46%)
10–14	192 (32%)	51 (34%)	74 (28%)	49 (34%)	18 (34%)
15–18	48 (7%)	10 (7%)	19 (7%)	11 (7%)	8 (15%)
Gender
Male	452	111	192	106	43
Female	162	37	72	42	11
Localization
Cervical	491 (80%)	124 (84%)	219 (83%)	117 (80%)	31 (58%)
Axilla	32 (5%)	9 (6.3%)	12 (4.6%)	8 (5%)	3 (5%)
Mediastinal	53 (9%)	6 (4%)	19 (7%)	12 (8%)	16 (29%)
Abdomen	20 (4%)	5 (3%)	8 (3%)	5 (3%)	2 (4%)
Inguinal	10 (1%)	3 (2%)	5 (2%)	2 (1%)	–
Others	8 (1%)	1 (0.7%)	1 (0.4%)	4 (3%)	2 (4%)
Histologic subgroups
LR	62 (10%)	16 (11%)	25 (9.6%)	14 (10%)	7 (13%)
NS	90 (15%)	19 (12%)	24 (9%)	28 (19%)	19 (35%)
MC	344 (56%)	80 (55%)	158 (60%)	83 (56%)	23 (43%)
LD	46 (7%)	14 (10%)	21 (8%)	11 (7%)	–
UC	69 (11.5%)	19 (12%)	35 (13%)	10 (7%)	5 (9%)
NLP	3 (0.5%)	–	1 (0.4%)	2 (1%)	–
Clinical stage
I	165 (27%)	29 (20%)	110 (42%)	23 (16%)	3 (5%)
II	185 (31%)	26 (18%)	72 (27%)	61 (41%)	26 (48%)
III	145 (23%)	24 (18%)	54 (20%)	51 (34%)	16 (29%)
IV	119 (19%)	69 (44%)	28 (11%)	13 (9%)	9 (18%)
Bulky disease
Present	87 (14%)	26 (18%)	41 (16%)	17 (11%)	3 (5%)
Absent	527 (86%)	122 (82%)	223 (84%)	131 (89%)	51 (95%)
B symptoms
Present	183 (30%)	67 (44%)	65 (25%)	40 (27%)	11 (20%)
Absent	431 (70%)	81 (56%)	199 (75%)	108 (73%)	43 (80%)
ESR
Elevated	204 (33%)	15 (10%)	59 (22%)	100 (68%)	30 (57%)
Normal	91 (15%)	1 (0.7%)	36 (14%)	34 (22%)	20 (37%)
Unknown	319 (52%)	132 (89.3%)	169 (64%)	14 (10%)	4 (6%)
WBC count
Leukocytosis	157 (26%)	32 (21%)	59 (22%)	40 (27%)	26 (48%)
Normal	433 (70%)	109 (74%)	193 (73%)	105 (71.3%)	26 (48%)
Leukopenia	14 (3%)	4 (3%)	6 (2.5%)	2 (1%)	2 (4%)
Unknown	10 (1%)	3 (2%)	6 (2.5%)	1 (0.7%)	0
Hemoglobin level
Hb ≤ 10 gr/dl	167 (27%)	42 (29%)	70 (26.5%)	43 (29%)	12 (22%)
HB > 10 gr/dl	435 (71%)	101 (68%)	188 (71%)	104 (70.3%)	42 (78%)
Unknown	12 (2%)	5 (3%)	6 (2.5%)	1 (0.7%)	0
LDH
Elevated	98 (16%)	0	17 (7%)	53 (36%)	28 (52%)
Normal	154 (25%)	0	64 (24%)	66 (44%)	24 (44%)
Unknown	362 (59%)	148 (100%)	183 (69%)	29 (20%)	2 (4%)

Figure 1.  Overall survival rate of the patients according to years.

Figure 2.  Overall survival rate of the patients according to age groups.

Figure 3.  Overall survival rate of the patients according to stages.

Figure 4.  Overall survival rate of the patients according to B symptoms.

Table II.  Multivariate analysis of the 614 patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.

	B	SE	P	ODDS RATIO	95% CI
ESR	0.53	0.142	0.0001	1.699	1.288–2.242
Leucocytosis	0.52	0.234	0.026	1.682	1.063–2.659
Age	0.057	0.029	0.048	1.058	1.000–1.120
Stage 1
Stage 2	1.004	0.445	0.024	2.729	1.140–6.534
Stage 3	1.677	0.433	0.0001	5.351	2.288–12.514
Stage 4	1.857	0.423	0.0001	6.406	2.794–14.691