Oxidative stress in non-small cell lung cancer: Role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and glutathione

Figures & data

Table I.  Patient groups.

		Control	NSCLC	Adenocarcinoma	Squamous cell carcinoma
n		10	22	11	11
Age, years,		38.5 (16–71)	62.5 (40–82)	67.0 (56–82)	60.0 (40–73)
median (range)
Male/Female		7/3	16/6	7/4	9/2
Pack years smoked, median (range)		0 (0–45)	40 (0–100)	30 (0–50)	50 (37–100)
Stage	IA		5	2	3
	IB		8	3	5
	IIA		0	0	0
	IIB		5	2	3
	IIIA		4	4	0

NSCLC = Non-small cell lung cancer.

Table II.  Descriptive statistics with p-values by parameter and group

		NSCLC 22
Parameter n	Control 10	non-malignant	malignant
NADPH oxidase (mV/mg)
Median	0.94	1.83	7.30
(range)	(0.28–2.69)	(0.26–19.67)	(0.21–47.20)
P-value^1		0.044	0.001
P-value^2			0.001
Myeloperoxidase (U/mg)
Median	4.60	7.60	1.60
(range)	(0.40–50.50)	(0.00–23.30)	(0.00–12.50)
P-value^1		NS	NS
P-value^2			0.001
Glutathione (nmol/mg)
Median	8.25	7.40	15.35
(range)	(5.40–16.10)	(0.20–36.90)	(0.10–43.70)
P-value^1		NS	NS
P-value^2			0.009
8-OHdG (8-oxo-dG/10^5 dg)
Median	1.59	1.69	1.13
(range)	(0.80–4.67)	(0.00–72.90)	(0.00–188.30)
P-value^1		NS	NS
P-value^2			NS

¹P-values based on Mann-Whitney U-test (pairwise comparisons, group and control).

²P-values based on Wilcoxon Signed rank test (pairwise comparisons, malignant and non-malignant lung).

NSCLC = Non-small cell lung cancer.

NADPH = Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.

8-OHdG = 8-oxo-hydroxydeoxyguanosine.

NS = Not significant.

Table III.  Descriptive statistics with p-values by parameter and histology in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

	Adenocarcinoma 11		Squamous Cell Carcinoma 11
Parameter n	non-malignant	malignant	non-malignant	malignant
NADPH oxidase (mV/mg)
Median	1.53	8.43	2.51	3.65
(range)	(0.45–19.67)	(2.44–19.67)	(0.26–7.36)	(0.21–47.20)
P-value^1			NS	NS
P-value^2		0.005		NS
Myeloperoxidase (U/mg)
Median	9.90	2.60	5.90	1.40
(range)	(0.70–23.30)	(0.50–10.40)	(0.00–15.80)	(0.0–12.50)
P-value^1			NS	NS
P-value^2		0.007		0.007
Glutathione (nmol/mg)
Median	11.60	20.8	4.90	6.90
(range)	(3.10–36.90)	(5.80–36.90)	(0.20–14.0)	(0.10–43.70)
P-value^1			0.008	NS
P-value^2		0.022		NS
8-OHdG (8-oxo-dG/10^5 dg)
Median	0.93	0.92	4.26	4.24
(range)	(0.00–6.95)	(0.00–2.46)	(0.54–72.90)	(0.80–188.30)
P-value^1			0.017	0.001
P-value^2		NS		NS

¹P-values based on Mann-Whitney U-test (pairwise comparisons, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, malignant and non-malignant lung, respectively).

²Values based on Wilcoxon Signed rank test (pairwise comparisons, adenocarcinoma vs. non-malignant lung or squamous cell carcinoma vs. non-malignant lung, respectively).

NADPH = Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.

8-OHdG = 8-oxo-hydroxydeoxyguanosine.

NS = Not significant.

Table IV. Correlations by parameter and sample group

		NADPH oxidase	Myelo-peroxidase	Glutathione	Pack years
NADPH oxidase	Control (n = 10)	–	0.21	0.81	0.46
	P-value		NS	0.005	NS
	Non-Malignant (n = 11)	–	−0.49	0.13	0.22
	P-value		0.023	NS	NS
	Malignant (n = 11)	–	−0.41	0.27	−0.01
	P-value		NS	NS	NS
Myeloperoxidase	Control (n = 10)	0.21	–	0.27	−0.06
	P-value	NS		NS	NS
	Non-malignant (n = 11)	−0.49	–	0.53	−0.33
	P-value	0.023		0.013	NS
	Malignant (n = 11)	−0.41	–	0.38	−0.37
	P-value	NS		NS	NS
Glutathione	Control (n = 10)	0.81	0.27	–	0.15
	P-value	0.005	NS		NS
	Non-malignant (n = 11)	0.13	0.53	–	−0.47
	P-value	NS	0.013		0.029
	Malignant (n = 11)	0.27	0.384	–	−0.24
	P-value	NS	NS		NS
8-OHdG	Control (n = 10)	−0.41	−0.15	−0.69	0.35
	P-value	NS	NS	0.029	NS
	Non-malignant (n = 11)	−0.13	−0.35	−0.75	0.34
	P-value	NS	NS	0.001	NS
	Malignant (n = 11)	−0.10	−0.35	0.56	0.49
	P-value	NS	NS	0.007	0.020

P − values based on Sperman's rank correlation coefficient by rank.

NADPH = Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.

8-OHdG = 8-oxo-hydroxydeoxyguanosine.

NS = Not significant.