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ORIGINAL ARTICLES: GYNECOLOGICAL CANCERS

Late radiation-induced bowel syndromes, tobacco smoking, age at treatment and time since treatment – gynecological cancer survivors

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 682-691 | Received 30 Dec 2016, Accepted 12 Mar 2017, Published online: 01 Apr 2017

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic properties according to smoking status.

Figure 1. A graphical representation of the relations between smoking habits and the factor scores (disease intensities) of the five factors interpreted as the radiation-induced survivorship diseases urgency syndrome, leakage syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. Solid red discs denote the estimated mean factor score of a certain radiation-induced survivorship disease within a certain smoking category. Green slid discs denote the corresponding values among population controls. The lines through the discs stretch plus minus the standard error of the mean from the means, once again for each pair of radiation-induced survivorship disease and smoking category. Asterisks encode the significance levels of the Spearman correlations between smoking and factor scores for the five radiation-induced survivorship diseases. Asterisks above the red discs correspond to the Spearman correlations between smoking and factor scores among the cancer survivors and asterisks below the green discs correspond to the Spearman correlations between smoking and factor scores among the population controls. The significance level encoding is given by ***: (−infinity, .001], **: (.001 and .01], *: (.01 and .05]. We see that there are significant Spearman correlations between smoking and factor score in the following cases: urgency syndrome (cancer survivors and population controls), excessive gas discharge (cancer survivors) and blood discharge (cancer survivors). In all cases are the Spearman correlations positive. For precise values see . For relative risks of developing the survivorship disease in different smoking categories, see .

Figure 1. A graphical representation of the relations between smoking habits and the factor scores (disease intensities) of the five factors interpreted as the radiation-induced survivorship diseases urgency syndrome, leakage syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. Solid red discs denote the estimated mean factor score of a certain radiation-induced survivorship disease within a certain smoking category. Green slid discs denote the corresponding values among population controls. The lines through the discs stretch plus minus the standard error of the mean from the means, once again for each pair of radiation-induced survivorship disease and smoking category. Asterisks encode the significance levels of the Spearman correlations between smoking and factor scores for the five radiation-induced survivorship diseases. Asterisks above the red discs correspond to the Spearman correlations between smoking and factor scores among the cancer survivors and asterisks below the green discs correspond to the Spearman correlations between smoking and factor scores among the population controls. The significance level encoding is given by ***: (−infinity, .001], **: (.001 and .01], *: (.01 and .05]. We see that there are significant Spearman correlations between smoking and factor score in the following cases: urgency syndrome (cancer survivors and population controls), excessive gas discharge (cancer survivors) and blood discharge (cancer survivors). In all cases are the Spearman correlations positive. For precise values see Table 2. For relative risks of developing the survivorship disease in different smoking categories, see Table 3.

Table 2. Relation between factor scores and smoking among gynecological cancer survivors and population controls.

Figure 2. A graphical representation of the relations between age at treatment and the factor scores (disease intensities) of the five factors interpreted as the radiation-induced survivorship diseases urgency syndrome, leakage syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. Solid red discs denote the estimated mean factor score of a certain radiation-induced survivorship disease within a certain interval of age at treatment. The lines through the discs stretch plus minus the standard error of the mean from the means, once again for each pair of radiation-induced survivorship disease and age at treatment interval. Asterisks encode the significance levels of the Spearman correlations between age at treatment and factor scores for the five radiation-induced survivorship diseases. The significance level encoding is given by ***: (−infinity, .001], **: (.001 and .01], *: (.01 and .05]. The intervals used were created manually as a compromise between the objectives of containing equal amounts of cancer survivors and having equal interval widths. We see that there are significant Spearman correlations between age at treatment and factor scores in the following cases: urgency syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. In all cases are the Spearman correlations negative. For precise values see . The intervals used in this figure also formed the basis of the calculation of relative risks of survivorship disease development in different ranges of age at treatment. For relative risks, see .

Figure 2. A graphical representation of the relations between age at treatment and the factor scores (disease intensities) of the five factors interpreted as the radiation-induced survivorship diseases urgency syndrome, leakage syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. Solid red discs denote the estimated mean factor score of a certain radiation-induced survivorship disease within a certain interval of age at treatment. The lines through the discs stretch plus minus the standard error of the mean from the means, once again for each pair of radiation-induced survivorship disease and age at treatment interval. Asterisks encode the significance levels of the Spearman correlations between age at treatment and factor scores for the five radiation-induced survivorship diseases. The significance level encoding is given by ***: (−infinity, .001], **: (.001 and .01], *: (.01 and .05]. The intervals used were created manually as a compromise between the objectives of containing equal amounts of cancer survivors and having equal interval widths. We see that there are significant Spearman correlations between age at treatment and factor scores in the following cases: urgency syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. In all cases are the Spearman correlations negative. For precise values see Table 2. The intervals used in this figure also formed the basis of the calculation of relative risks of survivorship disease development in different ranges of age at treatment. For relative risks, see Table 3.

Figure 3. A graphical representation of the relations the since treatment and the factor scores (disease intensities) of the five factors interpreted as the radiation-induced survivorship diseases urgency syndrome, leakage syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. Solid red discs denote the estimated mean factor score of a certain radiation-induced survivorship disease within a certain interval of time since treatment. The lines through the discs stretch plus minus the standard error of the mean from the means, once again for each pair of radiation-induced survivorship disease and time since treatment interval. Asterisks encode the significance levels of the Spearman correlations between time since treatment and factor scores for the five radiation-induced survivorship diseases. The significance level encoding is given by ***: (−infinity, .001], **: (.001 and .01], *: (.01 and .05]. The intervals used were created manually as a compromise between the objectives of containing equal amounts of cancer survivors and having equal interval widths. We see that there are significant Spearman correlations between time since treatment and factor scores in the case of urgency syndrome. In this case the Spearman correlation is negative. For precise values see . The intervals used in this figure also formed the basis of the calculation of relative risks of survivorship disease development in different ranges of time since treatment. For relative risks, see .

Figure 3. A graphical representation of the relations the since treatment and the factor scores (disease intensities) of the five factors interpreted as the radiation-induced survivorship diseases urgency syndrome, leakage syndrome, excessive gas discharge, excessive mucus discharge and blood discharge. Solid red discs denote the estimated mean factor score of a certain radiation-induced survivorship disease within a certain interval of time since treatment. The lines through the discs stretch plus minus the standard error of the mean from the means, once again for each pair of radiation-induced survivorship disease and time since treatment interval. Asterisks encode the significance levels of the Spearman correlations between time since treatment and factor scores for the five radiation-induced survivorship diseases. The significance level encoding is given by ***: (−infinity, .001], **: (.001 and .01], *: (.01 and .05]. The intervals used were created manually as a compromise between the objectives of containing equal amounts of cancer survivors and having equal interval widths. We see that there are significant Spearman correlations between time since treatment and factor scores in the case of urgency syndrome. In this case the Spearman correlation is negative. For precise values see Table 2. The intervals used in this figure also formed the basis of the calculation of relative risks of survivorship disease development in different ranges of time since treatment. For relative risks, see Table 3.

Table 3. Percentage having each specific late radiation-induced bowel syndrome among current, former and never smokers.

Supplemental material

IONC_A_1307519_Supplementary_Information.zip

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