Interest in treatment with injectable diacetylmorphine among people who use opioids in Baltimore City, Maryland (USA)

Figures & data

Table 1. Interest in treatment with injectable diacetylmorphine among people who use opioids; Baltimore City, Maryland (US), April–July 2019.

	Total	Interest in treatment with diacetylmorphine
		Interested	Not interested
	n = 287; n (%)	n = 195, 67.9%; n (%)	n = 92, 32.1%; n (%)	p-Value
SOCIODEMOGRAPHICS
Age, mean (SD)	48.0 (10.6)	47.1 (11.0)	49.9 (9.5)	0.034
Race				0.044
Non-Hispanic, White	37 (13.1)	30 (15.5)	7 (7.8)
Non-Hispanic, Black	216 (76.3)	139 (72.0)	77 (85.6)
Hispanic or other	30 (10.6)	24 (12.4)	6 (6.7)
Woman	117 (41.1)	76 (39.4)	41 (44.6)	0.405
In a relationship/married	82 (28.6)	54 (27.7)	28 (30.4)	0.631
Sexual minority	44 (15.4)	27 (13.9)	17 (18.5)	0.318
STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITIES
High school diploma/GED or higher education	179 (62.6)	130 (67.0)	49 (53.3)	0.025
Homeless, past 6 months	207 (72.1)	147 (75.4)	60 (65.2)	0.073
Arrest, past year	50 (17.4)	36 (18.5)	14 (15.2)	0.499
Food insecurity	175 (61.0)	128 (65.6)	47 (51.1)	0.018
Transactional sex work	83 (28.9)	56 (28.7)	27 (29.4)	0.913
No health insurance	53 (18.5)	8 (8.7)	45 (23.2)	0.003
SUBSTANCE USE
Opioid pain relievers^a	210 (73.2)	141 (72.3)	69 (75.0)	0.631
Tranquilizers or benzodiazepines^a	127 (44.4)	85 (43.8)	42 (45.7)	0.770
Prescription stimulants^a	75 (26.2)	47 (24.2)	28 (30.4)	0.265
Prescription gabapentin^a	85 (29.9)	52 (26.9)	33 (36.3)	0.10
Non-injection crack/cocaine^a	210 (73.2)	136 (69.7)	74 (80.4)	0.056
Non-injection fentanyl^a	155 (54.0)	105 (53.9)	50 (54.4)	0.937
Non-injection fentanyl & cocaine together^a	130 (45.3)	84 (43.1)	46 (50.0)	0.272
Non-injection heroin^a	218 (76.0)	149 (76.4)	69 (75.0)	0.794
Injection drug use^a	105 (36.6)	81 (41.5)	24 (26.1)	0.011
Use drugs in public location, past 3 months	195 (68.2)	142 (73.2)	53 (57.6)	0.008
Ever overdosed (OD)	153 (53.3)	114 (58.5)	39 (42.4)	0.011
OD, past 6 months	79 (27.5)	57 (29.2)	22 (23.9)	0.347
DRUG TREATMENT
Ever drug treatment	226 (78.7)	154 (79.0)	72 (78.3)	0.890
Ever residential rehab program	194 (67.6)	134 (68.7)	60 (65.2)	0.554
Narcotics Anonymous or 12-Step program, past six months	126 (44.1)	83 (42.6)	43 (47.3)	0.457
Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) Utilization				0.001
Never MOUD	81 (28.3)	52 (26.7)	29 (31.9)
Past MOUD	124 (43.4)	98 (50.3)	26 (28.6)
Currently receiving MOUD	81 (28.3)	45 (23.1)	36 (39.6)

^aAt least monthly.

Bold values signify p<.05.

Table 2. Poisson regression with robust variance for interest in treatment with injectable diacetylmorphine among PROMOTE participants; Baltimore, MD, April–July 2019.

	Unadjusted			Adjusted
Variable	PR	95% CI	p-Value	aPR	95% CI	p-Value
DEMOGRAPHICS
Age	0.99	0.99 − 1.00	0.021	1.00	0.99 − 1.00	0.419
Race/Ethnicity (reference: non-Hispanic, White)
Non-Hispanic, Black	0.79	0.66 − 0.95	0.014	0.86	0.69 − 1.07	0.179
Hispanic or other	0.99	0.78 − 1.25	0.912	0.92	0.71 − 1.21	0.560
STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITIES
High school diploma/GED or more education	1.21	1.01 − 1.45	0.034	1.23	1.04 − 1.45	0.015
Food insecurity	1.22	1.02 − 1.46	0.026	1.12	0.94 − 1.33	0.206
No health insurance	1.33	1.14 − 1.54	<0.001	1.23	1.06 − 1.44	0.008
SUBSTANCE USE
Use drugs in public location, past 3 months	1.27	1.05 − 1.55	0.016	1.10	0.90 − 1.34	0.348
Non-injection crack/cocaine^a	0.85	0.72 − 0.99	0.038	0.80	0.68 − 0.94	0.006
Injection drug use^a	1.23	1.06 − 1.44	0.008	1.13	0.97 − 1.33	0.127
Ever overdose	1.23	1.04 − 1.45	0.013	1.20	1.01 − 1.42	0.038
DRUG TREATMENT
MOUD Status (reference: never MOUD)
Past MOUD	1.23	1.02– 1.48	0.029	1.22	1.01 − 1.47	0.037
Currently receiving MOUD	0.86	0.67 − 1.12	0.265	0.94	0.74 − 1.20	0.614

^aAt least monthly.

PR: prevalence ratio.

aPR: adjusted prevalence ratio.

Bold values signify p<.05.

Data availability Statement

Anonymized data are available upon reasonable request.