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Annals of Medicine Volume 56, 2024 - Issue 1
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Public Health

Efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with asymptomatic or mild illness during the Omicron epidemic in Guangzhou: a multi-centre retrospective cohort study

Yuanda Xua State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7843-8876View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Xuetao Konga State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China;b Department of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-1559View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Weiqing Huanga State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaView further author information
,
Zijing Lianga State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaView further author information
,
Jinkun Huanga State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaView further author information
,
Yimin Lia State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaView further author information
,
Nuofu Zhanga State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaView further author information
,
Dan Liua State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaView further author information
,
Wenwei Guoa State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaView further author information
&
Jiang Meia State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
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Article: 2307504 | Received 13 Aug 2023, Accepted 15 Jan 2024, Published online: 11 Mar 2024

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients from two Fangcang isolation centres.

Figure 1. Effect of vaccination on isolation within 14 days. (A) Comparative isolation rates of vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Red curve represents the isolation rate of vaccinated patients, and blue curve represents the isolation rate of unvaccinated patients. (B) Odds of isolation centre discharge within 14 days in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients.

Figure 1. Effect of vaccination on isolation within 14 days. (A) Comparative isolation rates of vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Red curve represents the isolation rate of vaccinated patients, and blue curve represents the isolation rate of unvaccinated patients. (B) Odds of isolation centre discharge within 14 days in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients.

Table 2. Baseline comparison between vaccinated and unvaccinated populations.

Figure 2. Impact of vaccination on positivity within 14 days. (A) Comparison of positivity rates among different vaccine doses and types during isolation. Red curve represents the positivity rate among vaccinated patients, and blue curve illustrates the positivity rate among unvaccinated patients. (B) Odds of negativity within 14 days for different vaccine doses and types.

Figure 2. Impact of vaccination on positivity within 14 days. (A) Comparison of positivity rates among different vaccine doses and types during isolation. Red curve represents the positivity rate among vaccinated patients, and blue curve illustrates the positivity rate among unvaccinated patients. (B) Odds of negativity within 14 days for different vaccine doses and types.

Figure 3. Impact of vaccine dose and type on isolation within 14 days. (A) Comparison of isolation rates for different vaccine doses and types during isolation. Blue curve represents the isolation rate among patients who received only inactivated vaccine, red curve displays the isolation rate among patients who received heterologous vaccination and green curve represents the isolation rate among patients who received other regimens. (B) Odds of discharge within 14 days for different vaccine doses and types.

Figure 3. Impact of vaccine dose and type on isolation within 14 days. (A) Comparison of isolation rates for different vaccine doses and types during isolation. Blue curve represents the isolation rate among patients who received only inactivated vaccine, red curve displays the isolation rate among patients who received heterologous vaccination and green curve represents the isolation rate among patients who received other regimens. (B) Odds of discharge within 14 days for different vaccine doses and types.

Table 3. Baseline comparison among patients with different vaccination approaches.

Figure 4. Impact of vaccine dose and type on positivity within 14 days. (A) Comparison of positivity rates for different vaccine doses and types during isolation. Blue curve represents the positivity rate among patients who received only inactivated vaccine, red curve displays the positivity rate among patients who received heterologous vaccination and green curve represents the positivity rate among patients who received other regimens. (B) Odds of negativity within 14 days for different vaccine doses and types.

Figure 4. Impact of vaccine dose and type on positivity within 14 days. (A) Comparison of positivity rates for different vaccine doses and types during isolation. Blue curve represents the positivity rate among patients who received only inactivated vaccine, red curve displays the positivity rate among patients who received heterologous vaccination and green curve represents the positivity rate among patients who received other regimens. (B) Odds of negativity within 14 days for different vaccine doses and types.
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Data availability statement

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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