Plasma endothelin‐1 is not increased in overweight/obese hypertensive African women

Figures & data

Table I. Means±standard error of cardiovascular and anthropometric variables as well as ET‐1 levels adjusted for age at a 98.3% confidence interval.

	Lean NT (n = 35)	OW/OB NT (n = 46)	OW/OB HT (n = 17)
Age (years)	28.3±1.4 [25.7–30.9]	31.3±1.2 [29.1–33.6]	37.4±2.0 [33.7–41.1]
SBP (mmHg)	123±2.3 [118–129]^a	124±1.9 [120–129]^b	156±1.9 [148–164]^ab
DBP (mmHg)	72±1.4 [69–76]^c	77±1.2 [74–79]^d	91±2.1 [86–96]^cd
HR (beats/min)	64.8±1.6 [60.8–68.7]	70.5±1.4 [67.1–73.8]	69.1±2.4 [63.3–74.9]
SV (ml)	80.0±2.4 [74.2–85.9]	87.7±2.1 [82.7–92.7]	89.1±3.5 [80.5–97.7]
CO (l/min)	5.13±0.2 [4.67–5.59]^ef	6.10±0.2 [5.71–6.49]^e	6.09±0.3 [5.42–6.77]^f
TPR (mmHg/ml/s)	1.16±0.04 [1.06–1.25]	0.98±0.04 [0.90–1.06]	1.23±0.06 [1.09–1.37]
CW (ml/mmHg)	1.78±0.04 [1.68–1.89]^g	2.00±0.04 [1.91–2.09]^gh	1.65±0.06 [1.49–1.80]^h
PP (mmHg)	51.2±1.8 [46.9–55.5]^i	47.8±1.5 [44.1–51.4]^j	64.7±2.6 [58.4–71.0]^ij
ET‐1 (fmol/ml)	47.4±7.0 [30.4–64.5]	47.4±6.0 [32.9–62.0]	47.9±10.3 [22.9–73.0]
BMI (kg/m^2)	22.3±0.7 [20.5–24.0]^kl	31.3±0.6 [29.8–32.8]^k	32.4±1.1 [29.9–35.0]^l
Waist circum. (cm)	96.4±1.6 [92.6–100]^mn	112±1.3 [109–116]^m	114±2.3 [109–120]^n

Lean NT, lean normotensive; OW/OB NT, overweight/obese normotensive; OW/OB HT, overweight/obese hypertensive; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; SV, stroke volume; CO, cardiac output; TPR, total peripheral resistance; C_W, Windkessel arterial compliance; PP, pulse pressure; ET‐1, endothelin‐1; BMI, body mass index.

Means with the same superscript: statistically significant (p≤0.05).

Table II. Means±standard errors for endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) adjusted for age at a 95% confidence interval.

	Normotensive (n = 81)	Hypertensive (n = 17)
ET‐1 (fmol/ml)	47.4±4.5 [38.4–56.4]	47.9±10.2 [27.6–68.3]
	Lean (n = 35)	Overweight/obese (n = 63)
ET‐1 (fmol/ml)	47.4±7.0 [33.6–61.3]	47.6±5.2 [37.3–57.8]

Table III. Partial correlation coefficients between endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) and cardiovascular variables.

	Total froup	Lean NT	OW/OB NT	OW/OB HT
	ET‐1	ET‐1	ET‐1	ET‐1
SBP	r = 0.02; p = 0.87	r = −0.23; p = 0.17	r = −0.20; p = 0.18	r = 0.31; p = 0.22
DBP	r = −0.08; p = 0.42	r = −0.19; p = 0.28	r = −0.18; p = 0.23	r = 0.09; p = 0.74
PP	r = 0.09; p = 0.36	r = −0.07; p = 0.67	r = −0.06; p = 0.70	r = 0.37; p = 0.15
TPR	r = −0.03; p = 0.75	r = −0.09; p = 0.62	r = −0.22; p = 0.14	r = 0.24; p = 0.34
CW	r = −0.01; p = 0.94	r = 0.03; p = 0.88	r = 0.10; p = 0.50	r = −0.20; p = 0.44

Lean NT, lean normotensive; OW/OB NT, overweight/obese normotensive; OW/OB HT, overweight/obese hypertensive; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PP, pulse pressure; TPR, total peripheral resistance; C_W, Windkessel arterial compliance.

Table IV. Partial correlation coefficients between endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) and cardiovascular variables adjusted for age.

	Total group	Lean NT	OW/OB NT	OW/OB HT
	ET‐1	ET‐1	ET‐1	ET‐1
SBP	r = −0.13; p = 0.20	r = −0.18; p = 0.31	r = −0.24; p = 0.12	r = 0.28; p = 0.33
DBP	r = −0.15; p = 0.14	r = −0.19; p = 0.28	r = −0.22; p = 0.15	r = −0.08; p = 0.79
PP	r = −0.03; p = 0.75	r = −0.01; p = 0.95	r = −0.06; p = 0.68	r = 0.33; p = 0.24
TPR	r = −0.10; p = 0.36	r = −0.08; p = 0.66	r = −0.22; p = 0.15	r = 0.39; p = 0.17;
CW	r = 0.06; p = 0.57	r = −0.02; p = 0.90	r = 0.19; p = 0.21	r = −0.31; p = 0.28

Lean NT, lean normotensive; OW/OB NT, overweight/obese normotensive; OW/OB HT, overweight/obese hypertensive; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PP, pulse pressure; TPR, total peripheral resistance; C_W, Windkessel arterial compliance.