High-fluence 1064nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser treatment for ectopic Mongolian spot

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics and clinical features of patients with ectopic Mongolian spots.

	Total patients (N = 61)	Treatment (N = 32)	Observation (N = 29)	p-value
Sex (male: female)	20: 41	10: 22	10: 19
Age (months)	16.2 ± 21.0	13.9 ± 24.3	18.2 ± 17.7	0.878
	Total lesions (n = 70)	Treatment (n = 33)	Observation (n = 37)	p-value
Follow-up duration (months)	16.1 ± 8.8	14.1 ± 6.8	17.8 ± 10.0	0.072
Involved sites, n (%)
Face and neck	5 (7.1)	3 (9.1)	2 (5.4)
Shoulder	8 (11.4)	2 (6.1)	6 (16.2)
Trunk	6 (8.6)	0 (0)	6 (16.2)
Upper extremities	21 (30.0)	15 (45.5)	6 (16.2)
Lower extremities	30 (42.9)	13 (39.4)	17 (45.9)

Figure 1. Excellent improvement of ectopic Mongolian spot after 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser treatment. Case 1. Before (A) and 6 months after laser treatments (B), 12 months after laser treatments (C), 18 months after laser treatment (D) [number of total treatment sessions: 12]; case 2. Before (E) and 6 months after laser treatments (F), 12 months after laser treatments (G) [number of total treatment sessions: 10].

Figure 2. The degree of improvement of 5-quantile grading scale (A) and the change of the melanin index (B) in both treatment group and observation group.

Table 2. Final 5-quantile grading scale and change in melanin index.

	Treatment (n = 33)	Observation (n = 37)	p-value
Final 5-quantile grading scale	2.85 ± 1.00	0.49 ± 0.73	<0.001
0 (0–25% improvement), n (%)	1 (3.0)	24 (64.9)
1 (26–50% improvement), n (%)	2 (6.1)	8 (21.6)
2 (51–75% improvement), n (%)	7 (21.2)	5 (13.5)
3 (76–95% improvement), n (%)	14 (42.4)	0 (0)
4 (96–100% improvement), n (%)	9 (27.3)	0 (0)
Δ Melanin index (initial-final)	156.7 ± 78.4	7.5 ± 63.6	0.001

Figure 3. Progress of average melanin index and 5-quantile grading scale according to the number of treatment sessions.