Short-term effectiveness and potential factors of ustekinumab based on real-world data in Chinese psoriasis patients

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of all the patients included.

Characteristics	Patients included (n = 98)
Age (year), mean ± SD	42.0 ± 14.0
Age at onset (year), mean ± SD	30.8 ± 14.8
Disease duration (year), mean ± SD	11.2 ± 9.5
Sex (male), n (%)	58(59.8)
Family history of psoriasis, n (%)	9/90(10.0)
History of smoking, n (%)	35/90(35.9)
History of alcohol intake, n (%)	35/90(35.9)
History of other biologic administration, n (%)	7(6.4)
Adalimumab	2(1.8)
Ixekizumab	3(2.8)
Secukinumab	2(1.8)
Metabolic syndrome	17/83(20.5)
PASI at baseline, mean ± SD	9.4 ± 4.8
BSA at baseline, mean ± SD	11.2 ± 8.7
DLQI at baseline, mean ± SD	7.4 ± 5.0

SD: standard deviation; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; PASI: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; BSA: body surface area. DLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index.

Table 2. Efficacy responses at week 4 after single-dose treatment.

Outcome measurements	Baseline (n = 98)	At week 4 (n = 95)
PASI, mean ± SD	9.4 ± 4.8	3.7 ± 3.1
PASI reduction, mean ± SD	N/A	5.9 ± 4.6
PASI 75, n (%)	N/A	29(30.5)
PASI 90, n (%)	N/A	18(18.9)
PASI 100, n (%)	N/A	16(16.8)
BSA, mean ± SD	11.2 ± 8.5	4.8 ± 5.5
BSA reduction, mean ± SD	N/A	4.6 ± 5.4
DLQI, mean ± SD	7.6 ± 4.8	2.7 ± 3.5
DLQI reduction, mean ± SD	N/A	4.9 ± 4.8
DLQI 0/1, n (%)	9(9.2)	44(46.3)

PASI: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; SD: standard deviation; PASI 75/90/100: ≥90/100% reduction in PASI; BSA: body surface area; DLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index; N/A: not available.

Figure 1. Proportion of patients achieving PASI 75 at week 4 in groups with or without metabolic syndrome. With metabolic syndrome vs. metabolic syndrome: 5.9% vs. 36.9%, p = 0.010. PASI 75: ≥75% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index.

Figure 2. Proportion of patients achieving PASI 75 at week 4 in male or female patients. Male vs. female: 10.5% vs. 26.3%, p = 0.047. (PASI 100: 100% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index).

Figure 3. Proportion of patients achieving PASI 75 at week 4 in groups with or without family history of psoriasis. With family history vs. without family history: 44.4% vs. 13.9%, p = 0.044. (PASI 100: 100% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index).

Table 3. Results of difference analysis between groups whether achieving PASI 75/90/100 at week 4.

Characteristic (n = 98)	P value
	PASI 75	PASI 90	PASI 100
Sex	0.524	0.135	0.044
Age	0.566	0.635	0.441
Age at onset	0.445	0.293	0.196
Disease duration	0.108	0.543	0.560
Early onset	0.309	0.378	0.542
Family history of psoriasis	0.117	0.066	0.042
Smoking	0.871	0.494	0.984
Alcohol intake	0.787	1.000	0.752
Metabolic syndrome complication	0.013	0.171	0.280
Central obesity	0.260	0.253	0.220
SBP	0.068	0.396	0.241
DBP	0.130	0.956	0.755
TG	0.010	0.196	0.234
HDL-C	<0.001	<0.001	0.002
Blood glucose	0.497	0.627	0.592
ESR	0.148	0.289	0.098
CRP	0.316	0.234	0.761
PASI at baseline	0.872	0.861	0.623
BSA at baseline	0.920	0.676	0.176
DLQI at baseline	0.248	0.178	0.065

SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; PASI: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; BSA: body surface area; DLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index; PASI 75/90/100: ≥75/90/100% reduction in PASI. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Table 4. Association between PASI 75 /90/100 response and baseline characteristics.

Characteristic	PASI 75				PASI 90				PASI 100
	B	p	adjOR	95%CI	B	P	adjOR	95% CI	B	p	adjOR	95% CI
Sex	−0.133	0.824	0.875	0.270-2.836	0.774	0.248	2.169	0.583-8.067	1.499	0.051	4.478	0.997-20.116
Age	−0.005	0.828	0.995	0.953-1.039	0.006	0.804	1.006	0.959-1.056	0.030	0.281	1.030	0.976-1.088
Disease duration	−1.142	0.329	1.033	0.971-1.100	−0.011	0.764	0.989	0.922-1.061	−0.043	0.311	0.958	0.881-1.041
Family history of psoriasis	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.664	0.068	5.282	0.884-31.561
Metabolic syndrome	−1.142	0.329	0.319	0.032-3.155	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
TG	−0.010	0.911	0.990	0.836-1.174	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
HDL-C	3.113	0.011	28.484	2.035-248.419	3.340	0.004	28.226	2.828-281.729	2.499	0.009	12.175	1.876-79.028

TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; adjOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; N/A: not available, too small sample of the variable; P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Table 5. Adverse events during the 4-week treatment period.

Adverse event	Patients (n = 98)
Skin pruritus	1
Elevated transaminase	1
Eczema	1

Data availability Statement

All data generated or analyzed during this research are included in this article. Further requires can be directed to the corresponding authors.