Design of Two Liquid Ibuprofen-Poloxamer-Limonene or Menthol Preparations for Dermal Administration

Figures & data

TABLE 1 Formulation composition of poloxamer gels and solutions

	Gels % w/w			Solutions % w/w
Components	A	B	Control	A	B	Control
Na.Ibuprofen	5	5	5	—	—	—
Ibuprofen	—	—	—	20	20	20
P-407	30	30	30	30	30	—
Water	63	63	65	23	23	23
1-menthol	—	2	—	2	—	—
d-limonene	2	—	—	—	2	—
Propylene- glycol	—	—	—	5	5	5
Ethanol	—	—	—	20	20	20

FIG. 1 Sol-gel transition temperature for 30% P- 407, containing 5% Na.ibuprofen and either 2% of d-limonene or 2% of 1-menthol. (Means ± SE, n = 5).

FIG. 2 Viscosity complex (η*) values as modified by temperature, expressed as mPas/s of 30% p-407 plus 20% ibuprofen containing either 2% of d-limonene or 2% of 1-menthol in ibuprofen fluid preparations.

TABLE 2 Terpene effect on percutaneous permeation of ibuprofen from gel and fluid preparations

	Gels			Fluid Preparation
Enhancer	Flux (Jt) (μg/cm^2hr)	Tlag (hr)	Q24 (μg/cm^2)	(Jt) (μg/cm^2hr)	Tlag (hr)	Q24 (μg/cm^2)
Control	54.6 ± 17	1.67	1200 ± 13	54.6 ± 17	1.67	1200 ± 13
d-limonene	87.3 ± 6.6	1.2	2000 ± 213	200 ± 19	0.30	4500 ± 430
1-menthol	69.7 ± 5.4	1.5	1600 ± 145	114 ± 10	0.89	2500 ± 219

FIG. 3 Permeation pattern for ibuprofen from 30% P-407 fluid preparations using 1-menthol or d-limonene as enhancers. (Means ± SD, n = 5.)

FIG. 4 Permeation pattern for ibuprofen from 30% P-407 gels using 1-menthol or d-limonene as enhancers. (Means ± SD, n = 5.)