New interventionism: the re-politicisation of electricity governance with renewable energy policies in the UK, Mexico and Morocco

Figures & data

Figure 1. Conceptual framework.

Figure 2. Operationalisation of the three vehicles of new interventionism.

Table 1. Engagement of the three countries with privatisation and liberalisation reforms.

Country	UK	Mexico	Morocco
Privatisation of incumbent	Yes (1990)	No	No
Creation of wholesale market	Yes (1989)	Yes (2014)	No
Creation of retail market	Yes (1999)	No	No
Creation of an IRA	Yes (1989)	Yes (1993)	Yes (2020)

Table 2. Evolution of interventionism in electricity policy by policy instruments (UK).

Note: Darker cells correspond to more interventionism.

Table 3. Evolution of interventionism in electricity policy by policy instruments (Mexico).

Note: Darker cells correspond to more interventionism.

Table 4. Evolution of interventionism in electricity policy by policy instruments (Morocco).

Note: Darker cells correspond to more interventionism.

Table 5. Degrees of interventionism by policy instrument, over time, in the UK, Mexico and Morocco (darker cells correspond to more interventionism).

Note: Darker cells correspond to more interventionism.