Turkish validation of the Jefferson scale of empathy for nurses seeking kidney donations in intensive care units

Figures & data

Table 1. Reliability levels of JSE subscales and relationships between scales and mean score values of scales.

Scale and subscales	Cronbach’s α	Total scale and sub-scale correlations (rs)	Mean ± SD
JSE	0.71	–	98.97 ± 12.40
Perspective taking (Item 2, 4, 5, 9, 10, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20)	0.77	0.72*	55.07 ± 7.90
Compassionate care (Item 1, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 18, 19)	0.54	0.73*	34.64 ± 6.92
Standing in the patient’s shoes (Item 3, 6)	0.66	0.44*	9.26 ± 2.84

r_s: Spearman correlation coefficient.

* p < .001.

Figure 1. CFA results of JSE.

Table 2. Model fit criteria for three factor model of JSE.

Criteria	Model
χ^2	355.62(164); p < .001
χ^2/υ	2.17
RMSEA	0.057, 95%CI:0.049–0.066, p = .066
TLI	0.801
CFI	0.828

CI: confidence interval, υ: degree of freedom, RMSEA: root mean square error approximation.

TLI: Tucker-Lewis index, CFI: comparative fit index.

Table 3. Scores on the Jefferson empathy scale.

Score variable	Frequency	Cumulative frequency	Cumulative %
56–60	1	1	0.3%
61–65	0	1	0.3%
66–70	3	4	1.10%
71–75	3	7	2%
76–80	12	19	5.40%
81–85	23	42	11.80%
86–90	43	85	23.90%
91–95	57	142	40%
96–100	64	206	58%
101–105	49	255	71.80%
106–110	41	296	83.40%
111–115	24	320	90.10%
116–120	15	335	94.40%
121–125	13	348	98%
126–130	3	351	98.90%
131–135	4	355	100%
Mean	98.97
St. deviation	12.40
Percentile
25th	91
50th (median)	98
75th	107
Min.-Max.	57–134

Table 4. General characteristics of the participants.

Variable	n = 355
Age (year)	32.24 ± 6.76 (18:52)
Gender (male/female)	37(10.40%)/318(89.60%)
Professional experience (years)	5(1:25)
Shift	8(0:14)
Hospital
1	32(9.01%)
2	32(9.01%)
3	19(5.35%)
4	15(4.23%)
5	18(5.07%)
6	13(3.66%)
7	18(5.07%)
8	21(5.92%)
9	11(3.10%)
10	21(5.92%)
11	27(7.61%)
12	9(2.54%)
13	35(9.86%)
14	17(4.79%)
15	38(10.70%)
16	16(4.51%)
17	13(3.66%)
Donor declaration
None	282(79.40%)
1	28(7.90%)
2	27(7.60%)
3	11(3.10%)
4	6(1.70%)
5	1(0.30%)

Data were presented as mean ± st. deviation (min.:max.), median (min.:max.) or n(%).

Table 5. Empathy and the general characteristics of the participants.

	Total empathy score
	rs	p
Age (year)	0.07	.200
Professional experience	−0.02	.776
Shift	−0.03	.593
Donor Declaration	0.12	.026
Gender	Total empathy score
Male (n = 37)	95.03 ± 12.97(76:125)
Female (n = 318)	99.43 ± 12.30(76:125)
p value	.041^a
Hospital	Total empathy score
Hospital10 (n = 21)	105(71:128)
Hospital11 (n = 27)	102(83:134)
Hospital9 (n = 11)	102(81:125)
Hospital2 (n = 32)	102(78:131)
Hospital7 (n = 18)	101.50(83:133)
Hospital14 (n = 17)	100(86:110)
Hospital5 (n = 18)	100(66:132)
Hospital16 (n = 16)	99(81:115)
Hospital6 (n = 13)	99(76:123)
Hospital8 (n = 21)	99(76:116)
Hospital15 (n = 38)	98.50(78:125)
Hospital1 (n = 32)	98(72:123)
Hospital13 (n = 35)	95(87:116)
Hospital3 (n = 19)	93(57:115)
Hospital4 (n = 15)	90(79:125)
Hospital12 (n = 9)	90(77:106)
Hospital17 (n = 13)	89(84:119)
p value	.015^b

Data were presented as mean ± st. deviation (min.:max.) or median (min.:max.).

^a Independent samples t test.

^b Kruskal Wallis test.

r_s: Spearman correlation coefficient.

Table 6. Relationship between donor declaration and age, gender, professional experience and number of shift.

	Donor declaration
	rs	p
Age (years)	0.07	.164
Professional experience	0.07	.168
Shift	−0.02	.674
Gender	Donor declaration
Male (n = 37)	0(0:2)
Female (n = 318)	0(0:5)
p value	.120^a

Data were presented as mean ± st. deviation (min.:max.) or median (min.:max.).

^a Mann Whitney U test r_s: Spearman correlation coefficient.