Comparative adherence of macitentan versus ambrisentan and bosentan in Australian patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: a retrospective real-world database study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Patient disposition.

ERA, endothelin receptor antagonist; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; PBS, Pharmaceuticals Benefits Scheme.

Table 1. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics.

	Macitentan (n = 167)	Bosentan (n = 200)	Ambrisentan (n = 69)	Overall (N = 436)
Gender, n (%)
Female	107 (64.1)	138 (69.0)	47 (68.1)	292 (67.0)
Male	60 (35.9)	62 (31.0)	22 (31.9)	144 (33.0)
Age, y
Mean (SD)	63.2 (17.2)	60.1 (16.0)	65.1 (13.8)	62.0 (16.2)
Median (range)	68 (19–92)	63 (24–90)	68 (29–90)	65.5 (19–92)
Age category, n (%)
<50 y	41 (24.6)	53 (26.5)	11 (15.9)	105 (24.1)
50–59 y	17 (10.2)	35 (17.5)	13 (18.8)	65 (14.9)
60–69 y	30 (18.0)	48 (24.0)	14 (20.3)	92 (21.1)
70–79 y	50 (29.9)	48 (24.0)	19 (27.5)	117 (26.8)
≥80 y	29 (17.4)	16 (8.0)	12 (17.4)	57 (13.1)
Therapy line, n (%)
First line*	154 (92.2)	191 (95.5)	62 (89.9)	407 (93.3)
Second line^† or greater	13 (7.8)	9 (4.5)	7 (10.1)	29 (6.7)
Comorbidities, n (%)
Diabetes	37 (22.2)	34 (17.0)	15 (21.7)	86 (19.7)
Hypertension	140 (83.8)	143 (71.5)	57 (82.6)	340 (78.0)
Arterial disease	57 (34.1)	72 (36.0)	24 (34.8)	153 (35.1)
Renal disease	7 (4.2)	3 (1.5)	3 (4.3)	13 (3.0)
Inhaler therapy for COPD/asthma, n (%)	36 (21.6)	21 (10.5)	11 (15.9)	68 (15.6)

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ERA, endothelial receptor antagonist; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; SD, standard deviation.

* Patients who have not used any other prior PAH therapies.

^†Patients who used any other PAH therapy (target drugs excluding ERAs) more than 3 months prior to their index ERA.

Figure 2. Treatment adherence.

ERA, endothelin receptor antagonist; CI, confidence interval.

Figure 3. Sensitivity analyses for (A) 60% and (B) 70% adherence for all ERA treatments.

CI, confidence interval; ERA, endothelin receptor antagonist; PS, propensity score.

Figure 4. Time to treatment change (switch or add-on).

Note, time before switching may be impacted by the varying approval dates of the treatments (i.e. 2004 for bosentan, 2009 for ambrisentan, and 2014 for macitentan). NA, not achieved.

Figure 5. Effect of inhaler therapy for COPD/asthma use on time to treatment change.

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Figure 6. Effect of inhaler therapy for COPD/asthma use on overall survival.

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Data availability statement

The de-identified participant data will not be shared.