Screening of Alternanthera repens., Boerhavia coccinea., Flaveria trinervia., Tournefortia densiflora., and Vitex mollis. Extracts to Evaluate their Antibacterial Activity and Effect on Smooth Muscle. I

Figures & data

Table 1. Ethnobotanical characteristics of the Mexican medicinal plants used in this study.

Scientific name (Family)	Common name	Part used^a.	Traditional use
Alternanthera repens. (L) Kuntze	Tianguis, Tianguispepetla	AP	Diarrhea, dysentery
(Amaranthaceae)
Boerhavia coccinea. Mill	Purple swallow's-stail, condesa	AP	Dysentery
(Nyctaginaceae)
Flaveria trinervia. (Spreng) C. Mohr	Centella	AP	Diarrhea, dysentery
(Asteraceae)
Tournefortia densiflora. M. et G.	Tlachinol, spiky herb	S, L	Dysentery
(Boraginaceae)
Vitex mollis. Kunth	Cuayotomato	L	Diarrhea
(Verbenaceae)	Cuyotomato

^a.Parts used: AP, aerial parts; S, stems; L, leaves.

Table 2. Antibacterial activity of medicinal plant extractions against ATCC and multiresistance clinical isolates.

	Source/extract^a.,^b. (mg/ml)
	A. repens.		B. coccinea.	F. trinervia.	T. densiflora.	V. mollis.	Cefotaxime
Bacterial strain	Ap/M	Ap/H	S/H	Ap/H	S/M	L/H	Control (µg/ml)
S. sonnei. ATCC 11060	4	<2	<2	16	<2	>16	<2
E. coil. ATCC 25992	>16	8	4	>16	16	>16	<2
S. typhimurium. ATCC 14028	>16	8	4	>16	8	>16	<2
P. mirabilis. ATCC 43071	<2	8	4	16	<2	>16	<2
E. coli. R166	>16	16	8	>16	8	>16	>16
E. coli. R170	4	<2	<2	16	<2	>16	>16
E. cloacae. R819	>16	16	8	>16	8	>16	>16
S. typhi. R1330	<16	8	4	>16	>16	>16	>16
S. typhi. R1324	>16	8	4	>16	>16	>16	16

^a.Parts used: Ap, aerial parts; S, stem; L, leaves.

^b.Extract: H, hexane; M, methanol.

Figure 1 Effect of the extracts of four medicinal plants on the electrically induced contraction using the example of extracted guinea pig's intestine. Each date is the mean and SD of five observation. Hexane extract of Tournefortia densiflora. leaves (⋄__⋄), hexane extract of Tournefortia densiflora. stem (•__•), methanol extract of Boerhavia coccinea. (•__•), extract of Flaveria trinervia. (+__+), methanol extract Tournefortia densiflora. leaves (▵___▵), methanol extract of Vitex mollis. (•__•), and the control papaverin (•___•).