Chemoprotective Effect of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis. in Modulating Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Genotoxicity

Figures & data

Table 1 Effect of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis. Linn (PME) on cisplatin-induced renal damage.

Group	Treatment	BUN (mg/dl)	Creatinine (mg/dl)	Kidney weight/body weight
1	Control	28.33 ± 1.84	0.34 ± 0.02	13.74 ± 0.15
2	PME 600	29.68 ± 1.77	0.36 ± 0.03	13.77 ± 0.18
3	Cisplatin	110.19 ± 12.81^a.	2.00 ± 0.26^a.	18.39 ± 0.39^a.
4	PME 200 + cisplatin	84.76 ± 5.72	1.59 ± 0.31	17.72 ± 0.27
5	PME 400 + cisplatin	63.99 ± 5.00^d.	1.14 ± 0.19^b.	16.13 ± 0.39^d.
6	PME 600 + cisplatin	48.99 ± 4.63^d.	0.93 ± 0.13^c.	15.12 ± 0.51^d.

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6). BUN, blood urea nitrogen.

^a.p < 0.05 vs. control (group 1).

^b.p < 0.05 vs. cisplatin (group 3).

^c.p < 0.01 vs. cisplatin (group 3).

^d.p < 0.001 vs. cisplatin (group 3).

Table 2 Effect of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis. Linn (PME) on frequency of micronucleus in bone marrow cells of mice.

Group	Treatment	Total number of PCE observed	Total number of MN	Average MN per 1000 PCE ± SD
1	Control	6371	15	2.35 ± 0.34^a.
2	PME 600	6524	15	2.29 ± 0.22
3	Cisplatin	6201	78	12.57 ± 0.51
4	PME 200 + cisplatin	6358	69	10.85 ± 0.56
5	PME 400 + cisplatin	6383	61	8.93 ± 0.22^b.
6	PME 600 + cisplatin	6204	42	6.76 ± 0.77^b.

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6). PCE, polychromatic erythrocytes; MN, micronuclei.

^a.p < 0.05 vs. control (group 1).

^b.p < 0.05 vs. cisplatin (group 3).

Table 3 Effect of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis. Linn (PME) on histological features of cisplatin-induced renal damage.

Histological features	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 5	Group 6
Glomerular congestion	−	−	++	++	++	+
Tubular casts	−	−	++	++	++	−
Peritubular congestion	−	−	++	++	++	+
Epithelial desquamation	−	−	++	++	+	−
Blood vessel congestion	−	−	++	++	+	−
Interstitial edema	−	−	++	++	+	−
Inflammatory cells	−	−	++	++	++	+

−, normal; +, mild; ++, severe.

Figure 1 DPPH radical scavenging capacity of ascorbic acid, PME, BHT, and silymarin. Values at the end of kinetic curves indicate the DPPH radical scavenging percent.

Figure 2 DMPD radical scavenging capacity of ascorbic acid, silymarin, and PME. Values at the end of the bar graph indicate percentage of inhibition.