Antilithiatic Effect of Melia azedarach. on Ethylene Glycol–Induced Nephrolithiasis in Rats

Figures & data

Figure 1 Effect of M. azedarach. on urine output during experimental nephrolithiasis. Values are expressed as ml/24 h. Values are mean±SEM for six animals in each group. G-I (control), G-II (EG-treated), G-III (M. azedarach. and EG-treated), G-IV (M. azedarach.–alone treated).

Table 1. Effect of M. azedarach. on oxalate excretion in experimental nephrolithiasis.

Days	G-I	G-II	G-III	G-IV
7	0.68±0.16	1.36±0.26	0.76±0.13	0.71±0.08
14	0.65±0.11	1.91±0.25^a.	0.96±0.20^b.	0.68±0.13^c.
21	0.68±0.11	2.28±0.16^a.	1.06±0.11^b.	0.73±0.19^c.
28	0.66±0.10	3.01±0.30^a.	1.01±0.10^b.	0.71±0.22^c.

Values are expressed as mg/24 h urine sample. Values are expressed as mean±SEM for six animals in each group. Newman-Keuls multiple range test (p < 0.05) was used.

^a.Values are significantly different from normal control (G-I) values on the respective days.

^b.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values on the respective days.

^c.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values but non-significant from G-I on the respective days.

Table 2. Effect of M. azedarach. on calcium excretion in experimental nephrolithiasis.

Days	G-I	G-II	G-III	G-IV
7	0.85±0.20	1.93±0.38	1.01±0.12	0.83±0.03
14	0.86±0.09	2.91±0.30^a.	1.75±0.33	0.89±0.11^c.
21	0.88±0.10	3.86±0.78^a.	1.45±0.18^b.	0.91±0.09^c.
28	0.90±0.13	4.96±0.67^a.	1.75±0.57^b.	0.86±0.16^c.

Values are expressed as mg/24 h urine sample. Values are expressed as mean±SEM for six animals in each group. Newman-Keuls multiple range test (p < 0.05) was used.

^a.Values are significantly different from normal control (G-I) values on the respective days.

^b.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values on the respective days.

^c.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values but non-significant from G-I on the respective days.

Table 3. Effect of M. azedarach. on phosphate excretion in experimental nephrolithiasis.

Days	G-I	G-II	G-III	G-IV
7	12.56±0.90	15.61±1.07	12.71±0.38	12.26±0.71
14	12.61±0.15	18.01±0.18^a.	15.46±1.38	12.46±0.18^c.
21	12.6±0.19	25.21±0.16^a.	19.41±0.20^b.	13.76±0.44^c.
28	12.61±0.11	33.18±0.15^a.	20.25±4.27^b.	12.89±0.09^c.

Values are expressed as mg/24 h urine sample. Values are expressed as mean±SEM for six animals in each group. Newman-Keuls multiple range test (p < 0.05) was used.

^a.Values are significantly different from normal control (G-I) values on the respective days.

^b.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values on the respective days.

^c.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values but non-significant from G-I on the respective days.

Table 4. Effect of M. azedarach. on magnesium excretion in experimental nephrolithiasis.

Days	G-I	G-II	G-III	G-IV
7	3.10±0.60	0.96±0.20	2.27±0.64	2.96±0.55
14	3.18±0.52	0.76±0.12^a.	2.39±0.47^b.	2.82±0.51^c.
21	3.25±0.79	0.68±0.16^a.	2.54±0.55^b.	3.03±0.61^c.
28	3.33±0.91	0.53±0.10^a.	2.62±0.35^b.	2.95±0.56^c.

Values are expressed as mg/24 h urine sample. Values are expressed as mean±SEM for six animals in each group. Newman-Keuls multiple range test (p < 0.05) was used.

^a.Values are significantly different from normal control (G-I) values on the respective days.

^b.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values on the respective days.

^c.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values but non-significant from G-I on the respective days.

Table 5. Effect of M. azedarach. on serum creatinine and creatinine clearance in various groups on day 28.

Treatment groups	Serum creatinine (mg/dl)	Creatinine clearance (ml/min)
G-I	0.52±0.05	0.68±0.01
G-II	1.70±0.35^a.	0.05±0.02^a.
G-III	0.60±0.01^b.	0.52±0.04^b.
G-IV	0.52±0.03^c.	0.63±0.05^c.

Values are expressed as mean±SEM for six animals in each group. Newman-Keuls multiple range test (p < 0.05) was used.

^a.Values are significantly different from normal control (G-I) values.

^b.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values.

^c.Values are significantly different from lithiatic control (G-II) values but non-significant from (G-I).

Figure 2 Kidney section of G-II (lithiatic control) rats stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

Figure 3 Kidney section of G-III (M. azedarach. and 0.75% ethylene glycol treated) rats stained with hematoxylin and eosin.