Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Thymus fontanesii.

Figures & data

Table 1. The chemical constituents of the essential oil of Thymus fontanesii. aerial parts.

Components^a.	RI^b.	GC area (%)
Tricyclene^c.,^d.	918	0.5
α.-Thujene	934	tr^e.
α.-Pinene	939	0.3
Camphene	962	tr
Sabinene^c.,^d.	967	0.3
1-Octen-3-ol	974	0.1
3-Octanone^c.,^d.	979	0.6
Myrcene	985	tr
α.-Phellandrene^c.,^d.	994	0.1
δ.-3-Carene^c.,^d.	1001	tr
α.-Terpinene	1007	1.9
p.-Cymene^f.	1017	15.9
β.-Phellandrene^c.,^d.	1022	tr
1,8-Cineole	1033	tr
γ.-Terpinene	1052	21.7
cis.-Sabinene hydrate	1058	0.3
Terpinolene^c.,^d.	1077	0.1
Linalool	1092	4.8
cis.-Pinene hydrate^c.,^d.	1125	tr
trans.-Sabinol^c.,^d.	1135	tr
Camphor	1139	tr
Borneol	1158	1.9
Terpinen-4-ol^c.,^d.	1169	0.5
p.-Cymene-8-ol^c.,^d.	1177	tr
α.-Terpineol	1188	0.2
Thymol methyl ether	1229	11.4
Carvacrol methyl ether^c.,^d.	1234	0.1
Cymen-7-ol^c.,^d.	1276	tr
Thymol	1290	29.3
Carvacrol	1295	1.8
Eugenol^c.	1343	0.1
α.-Copaene^c.	1360	tr
β.-Caryophyllene^c.,^d.	1404	2.9
α.-Humulene	1438	0.1
allo-Aromadendrene^c.,^d.	1446	tr
γ.-Muurolene^c.	1462	tr
Germacrene D	1467	0.1
Bicyclogermacrene^c.,^d.	1471	tr
α.-Muurolene^c.	1484	0.7
(Z.)-α.-Bisabolene^c.,^d.	1496	1.5
γ.-Cadinene^c.,^d.	1510	0.2
δ.-Cadinene^c.	1524	tr
Spathulenol	1565	0.2
Caryophyllene oxide^c.	1571	0.2
Viridiflorol^c.,^d.	1590	tr
epi-α.-Cadinol^c.,^d.	1637	tr
α.-Cadinol	1641	0.2
Total identified		98.5

GC, gas chromatography.

^a.Compounds listed in order of elution on DB-5 column.

^b.RI (retention index) measured relative to n.-alkanes (C₅–C₂₈) on DB-5 column.

^c.Components reported for the first time in T. fontanesii. essential oil from Algeria.

^d.Components reported for the first time in Algerian Thymus. genus essential oils.

^e.tr, trace (< 0.1%).

^f.Main compounds in bold font.

Table 2. Group composition of Thymus fontanesii. essential oil.

Group of compounds	Content (%)
Monoterpene hydrocarbons	41.0
Oxygen containing monoterpenes	50.5
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons	5.6
Oxygen containing sesquiterpenes	0.7
Others	0.7
Total identified	98.5

Table 3. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Thymus fontanesii. [inhibition zone and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs)].

Microorganisms	Diameter of inhibition zone^a.	MIC (µL/mL)^b.
Gram-positive bacteria
Bacillus subtilis.	44	0.5
Staphylococcus aureus.	–^c.	1.0
Gram-negative bacteria
Escherichia coli.	–	2.0
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	–	1.0
Filamentous fungi
Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. albedinis.	50	0.5
Mucor ramanianus.	28	0.2
Yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	46	1.0
Candida albicans.	32	1.0

^a.Inhibition zone diameter in millimeters around the disk (diameter of the disk, 9 mm, included).

^b.µL of oil/mL of medium.

^c.–, no detectable activity.