Antibacterial activity of South African medicinal plants against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Figures & data

Table 1.  Activity of the ethanol extracts of selected plants against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Plant	PRU no.	Plant part	MSSA^a		MRSA^b
			MIC^c (conc.)	MBC^d (conc.)	MIC (conc.)	MBC (conc.)
Melianthus major	95458	leaves	0.558 mg/ml	1.177 mg/ml	0.781mg/ml	3.124 mg/ml
Albizia harveii	95456	Bark	2.00 mg/ml	nt^e	nt	nt
Melianthus comosus	95450	leaves	0.500 mg/ml	2.00 mg/ml	0.391mg/ml	1.562 mg/ml
Dodonaea angustifolia	95448	leaves	0.500 mg/ml	1.00 mg/ml	0.586mg/ml	1.172 mg/ml
Withania somnifera	95449	leaves	0.500 mg/ml	1.00 mg/ml	1.561mg/ml	> 6.250 mg/ml
Piper capensis	95455	Root	3.125 mg/ml	12.5 mg/ml	nt	nt
Plantago longissima	54618	Root	12.5 mg/ml	> 12.5 mg/ml	nt	nt
Boophane disticha	95454	scales (bulb)	7.25 mg/ml	> 12.5 mg/ml	nt	nt
Drimia altissima	95459	scales (bulb)	> 12.5 mg/ml	> 12.5 mg/ml	nt	nt
Euphorbia damarana	95457	Stem	6.25 mg/ml	> 12.5 mg/ml	nt	nt
Gentamicin		liquid	2 μg/ml	4 μg/ml	2 μg/ml	4 μg/ml

^aMethicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ^bMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

^cminimum inhibitory concentration

^dminimum bactericidal concentration

^enot tested

Table 2.  Fifty percent inhibitory concentration of ethanol extracts of selected plantand compounds isolated from M. major against Vero cells.

Plant extract	IC50 (μg/ml) ± Standard deviation^a
Melianthus major	52.76 ± 7.1875
Melianthus comosus	51.41 ± 8.9475
Dodonaea angustifolia	42.11 ± 9.805
Withania somnifera	20.18 ± 4.630
Compound 1	64.27 ± 1.973
Compound 2	160.7 ± 1.441
Zelaralenone (positive drug control)	2.318 ± 0.301

^aFifty percent inhibitory concentration

Figure 1.  Compounds isolated from the leaves of Melianthus major.