In vitro pharmacological screening of macrofungi extracts from the Brazilian northeastern region

Figures & data

Table 1.  Macrofungi species collected in the State of Bahia, Brazil.

Species (Family)	Extract	Locality	Voucher number (HUEFS)	Mass of powdered basidiomata in g (yield, in %)
Phellinus rimosus (Berk.) Pilát (Hymenochaetaceae)	PR	Fazenda Nova Favela, Cachoeira, Bahia, Brazil 12º34’S, 38º59’W (100 m)	106114	208.7 (8.43)
Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.) Murrill (Poyporaceae)	PS	Sauípe, Mata de São João, Bahia, Brazil 12°22’S; 37°56’W (50 m)	102966	3.74 (7.75)
Hymenochaete rheicolor (Mont.) Lév. (Hymenochaetaceae)	HR	Fazenda Nova Favela, Cachoeira, Bahia, Brazil 12º34’S, 38º59’W (100 m)	106118	9.42 (3.82)
Lepiota sp. (Agaricaceae)	LP	Fazenda Conceição das Flores, Conceição do Coité, Bahia, Brazil 11º33’ 39º17’ (440 m)	115874	525.17 (3.33)
Hexagonia papyracea Berk. (Polyporaceae)	HP	Fazenda Belmonte, Coração de Maria, Bahia, Brazil 12°15’S; 38°48’W (230 m)	105888	1.38 (5.80)
Datronia caperata (Berk.) Ryvarden (Polyporaceae)	DC	Fazenda Belmonte, Coração de Maria, Bahia, Brazil 12°15’S; 38°43’W (230 m)	102916	14.5 (6.83)

Table 2.  Cytotoxicity of macrofungi extracts in normal spleen cells.

Extracts	% of inhibition in concentrations tested (μg/mL)
	1	10	100
PR	37.4 ± 15.1	23.5 ± 18.1	29.4 ± 10.7
PS	0	32.0 ± 32.0	39.5 ± 13.9
HR	41.3 ± 18.4	24.1 ± 21.7	29.6 ± 11.3
LP	0	0	51.2 ± 12.1
HP	35.2 ± 24.4	25.1 ± 25.1	0
DC	34.9 ± 25.7	28.1 ± 22.7	13.0 ± 7.6
SAP^a	79.0 ± 6.6	–	–

SAP^a: saponin at 1%. Values are mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments. PR: Phellinus rimosus; PS: Pycnoporus sanguineus; HR: Hymenochaete rheicolor; LP: Lepiota sp.; HP: Hexagonia papyracea; DC: Datronia caperata.

Table 3.  Pharmacological activity of the macrofungi extracts in different assays.

Extracts	% of inhibition in tested assays
	Immunomodulatory activity		Antineoplasic activity		Antiparasitic activity
	Lymphoproliferation	NO production	K562	Daudi	T. cruzi	L. amazonensis	P. falciparum
PR	95.8 ± 3.6 *	36.0 ± 3.6	12.0 ± 12.0	0	50.2 ± 1.4 **	1.7 ± 0.8	87.9 ± 0.4 **
PS	32.1 ± 18.0	60.8 ± 7.0 **	82.5 ± 8.4 **	30.0 ± 12.0	59.0 ± 0.8**	8.7 ± 1.6	60.5 ± 2.6 **
HR	88.1 ± 11.3 *	67.3 ± 9.0 **	77.1 ± 4.9 **	63.9 ± 7.1 *	0	0	41.2 ± 0.6
LP	65.9 ± 33.0	60.3 ± 12.4 **	15.0 ± 1.8	32.5 ± 2.9	36.6 ± 0.5	0.3 ± 0.2	0
HP	35.8 ± 19.5	41.8 ± 6.7	61.3 ± 8.1 **	60.4 ± 4.1 *	50.1 ± 2.4**	10.8 ± 1.7	4.3 ± 2.2
DC	68.5 ± 8.1	46.7 ± 4.3	50.4 ± 9.2	44.0 ± 0.4	42.9 ± 2.4	0	39.7 ± 3.8

Values are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments; * P < 0.01, ** P < 0.001 compared to control. NO: Nitric oxide; PR: Phellinus rimosus; PS: Pycnoporus sanguineus; HR: Hymenochaete rheicolor; LP: Lepiota sp.; HP: Hexagonia papyracea; DC: Datronia caperata.

Table 4.  IC₅₀ of macrofungi extracts with inhibition percentage greater than 60% in different assays.

Extracts	IC50 (μg/ml) in tested assays
	Immunomodulatory activity		Antineoplasic activity		Antiparasitic activity
	Lymphoproliferation	NO production	K562	Daudi	P. falciparum
PR	40.0 ± 0.6	–	–	–	4.4 ± 0.2
PS	–	1.7 ± 0.1	4.1 ± 0.3	–	0.3 ± 0.1
HR	62.1 ± 1.1	34.4 ± 3.4	30.9 ± 6.0	40.8 ± 8.4	–
LP	2.6 ± 1.4	2.2 ± 1.4	–	–	–
HP	–	–	39.1 ± 1.3	–
DC	65.6 ± 17.9	–	–	–	–
DOX	–	–	2.8 ± 0.02	1.9 ± 0.3	–
MFQ	–	–	–	–	0.0003 ± 10^−5

Values are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. NO: Nitric oxide; PR: Phellinus rimosus; PS: Pycnoporus sanguineus; HR: Hymenochaete rheicolor; LP: Lepiota sp.; HP: Hexagonia papyracea; DC: Datronia caperata; DOX: doxorubicin; MFQ: mefloquine.