Anti-inflammatory activity of Madhuca longifolia seed saponin mixture

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Preparation of ethanol extract and saponin mixture of Madhuca longifolia seeds. Powdered seed kernels (100 g) yielded approximately 53.84 g defatted seed powder, approximately 19.32 g ethanol extract, and approximately 2.69 g saponin mixture.

Table 1.  Effect of ethanol extract and saponin mixture of Madhuca longifolia seeds on carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats.

Treatment	Dose (mg/kg)	Mean paw size in mm				% Inhibition
		½ h	1 h	2 h	4 h	½ h	1 h	2 h	4 h
Vehicle	-	0.358 ± 0.030	0.342 ± 0.020	0.325 ± 0.025	0.317 ± 0.021	-	-	-	-
Diclofenac sodium	50	0.225 ± 0.021*	0.208 ± 0.027*	0.167 ± 0.024*	0.150 ± 0.025*	37.15	39.18	48.61	52.68
MLEE	10	0.250 ± 0.012*	0.200 ± 0.012*	0.200 ± 0.012*	0.167 ± 0.016*	30.16	41.52	38.46	47.31
MLEE	15	0.242 ± 0.015*	0.192 ± 0.015*	0.175 ± 0.011*	0.167 ± 0.016*	32.40	43.85	46.15	47.31
MLSM	1.5	0.233 ± 0.010*	0.217 ± 0.010*	0.208 ± 0.008*	0.183 ± 0.010*	34.91	36.54	36.00	42.27
MLSM	3	0.233 ± 0.010*	0.192 ± 0.015*	0.183 ± 0.010*	0.167 ± 0.016*	34.91	43.85	43.69	47.31

Values are mean ± SEM; *P < 0.01; MLEE, Madhuca longifolia ethanol extract; MLSM, Madhuca longifolia saponin mixture.

Table 2.  Effect of ethanol extract and saponin mixture of Madhuca longifolia seeds on formaldehyde-induced hind paw edema in rats.

Treatment	Dose (mg/kg)	Mean paw size in mm					% Inhibition
		2 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	48 h	2 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	48 h
Vehicle	-	0.275 ± 0.001	0.350 ± 0.018	0.375 ± 0.011	0.342 ± 0.015	0.308 ± 0.008	-	-	-	-	-
Diclofenac sodium	50	0.250 ± 0.018	0.300 ± 0.018	0.300 ± 0.018**	0.267 ± 0.016**	0.250 ± 0.022*	9.09	14.28	20.00	21.92	18.83
MLEE	10	0.242 ± 0.015	0.292 ± 0.015*	0.292 ± 0.015**	0.267 ± 0.021**	0.258 ± 0.015	12.00	16.57	22.13	21.92	16.23
MLEE	15	0.250 ± 0.018	0.275 ± 0.011**	0.267 ± 0.010**	0.258 ± 0.008**	0.258 ± 0.008	9.09	21.48	28.80	24.56	16.23
MLSM	1.5	0.233 ± 0.010	0.267 ± 0.010**	0.267 ± 0.010**	0.267 ± 0.010**	0.258 ± 0.015	15.27	23.71	28.80	21.92	16.23
MLSM	3	0.242 ± 0.15	0.267 ± 0.016**	0.267 ± 0.016**	0.242 ± 0.015**	0.233 ± 0.016**	12.00	23.71	28.80	29.23	24.35

Values are mean ± SEM; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; MLEE, Madhuca longifolia ethanol extract; MLSM, Madhuca longifolia saponin mixture.

Table 3.  Effect of ethanol extract and saponin mixture of Madhuca longifolia seeds on cotton pellet granuloma in rats.

Treatment	Dose (mg/kg)	Net dry pellets weight (mg)	Anti-proliferative effect (%)
Vehicle	-	37.7 ± 4.16	-
Diclofenac sodium	50	19.7 ± 2.69*	47.74
MLEE	10	18.2 ± 2.60*	51.72
MLEE	15	16.8 ± 1.54*	55.43
MLSM	1.5	18.7 ± 2.40*	50.39
MLSM	3	14.8 ± 2.12*	60.74

Values are mean ± SEM; *P <0.01; MLEE, Madhuca longifolia ethanol extract; MLSM, Madhuca longifolia saponin mixture.