Chemical composition and biological activities of Asimina triloba leaf essential oil

Figures & data

Table 1.  Chemical composition of Asimina triloba leaf essential oil.

No.	Compound	RI	Percentage	Identification method
1	Cyanic acid propyl ester	927	0.52	MS, RI
2	Benzaldehyde	964	0.2	MS, RI, STD
3	Benzyl alcohol	1041	0.73	MS, RI, STD
4	1-Octanol	1080	0.08	MS, RI
5	Linalool	1104	0.95	MS, RI, STD
6	Nonanal	1117	1.05	MS, RI, STD
7	α-Terpineol	1193	0.25	MS, RI, STD
8	Glutaronitrile	1280	0.07	MS, RI
9	Unidentified^a	1349	1.49	MS
10	α-Copaene	1376	0.59	MS, RI
11	β-Bourbonene	1385	1.02	MS, RI
12	β-Caryophyllene	1420	0.76	MS, RI, STD
13	Aromadendrene	1436	0.39	MS, RI
14	α-Humulene	1449	1.29	MS, RI, STD
15	Unidentified aromatic^b	1451	0.99	MS
16	τ-Muurolene	1484	9.15	MS, RI
17	β-Selinene	1506	0.04	MS, RI
18	γ-Cadinene	1513	2.61	MS, RI
19	Ledene	1514	tr.	MS, RI
20	α-Muurolene	1511	1.29	MS, RI
21	δ-Cadinene	1523	7.70	MS, RI
22	τ-Cadinene	1528	7.85	MS, RI
23	α-Cadinene	1538	15.69	MS, RI
24	Naphthalene, hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)	1547	2.89	MS, RI
25	Hedycaryol	1554	0.46	MS, RI
26	(E)-Nerolidol	1564	1.13	MS, RI, STD
27	Spathulenol	1577	0.60	MS, RI
28	Globulol	1582	0.65	MS, RI
29	Naphthalene, hexahydro-1,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)	1625	1.24	MS, RI
30	τ-Cadinol	1630	8.54	MS, RI
31	δ-Cadinol	1634	2.99	MS, RI
32	α-Cadinol	1641	9.48	MS, RI
33	Unidentified sesquiterpene^c	1658	2.75	MS
34	Ledene oxide	1660	0.61	MS, RI
35	(Z,E)-Farnesol	1679	3.17	MS, RI, STD
36	Methyl myristate	1682	7.34	MS, RI
37	Methyl palmitate	1827	3.46	MS, RI
Total number of constituents		n = 37
Number of identified constituents		n = 34
Percentage identified		92.0%
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons		52.4%
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes		30.3%
Monoterpenes		2.7%
Aromatics		1.9%
Straight chain aliphatic compounds
Alcohols		0.08%
Aldehydes		1.06%
Esters		10.8%

RI, identification by comparison of retention (Kováts) indices on HP-5HS column using homologous series of n-alkanes; MS, identification by mass spectrum matching to EPA/NIH and built-in Wiley databases; STD, identification by co-analysis with standard matching in retention and mass data; tr., trace: <0.05%.

^am/z (relative intensity): 173 (9), 143 (6), 98 (24), 89 (29), 83 (40), 71 (100), 56 (37).

^bm/z (relative intensity): 178 (10), 163 (40), 107 (18), 91(20).

^cm/z (relative intensity): 240 (M⁺,3), 205 (25), 197 (15), 161 (100), 119 (20), 105 (40).

Figure 1.  Anticancer activity of A. triloba leaf essential oil against A549 (human lung carcinoma) and MDA-MB231 (human breast carcinoma) cell lines. The concentration inhibiting cell growth by 50% (IC₅₀ value) is 29.5 ± 2.0 μg/mL for A549 and 39.0 ± 2.9 μg/mL for MDA-MB231. Selenite was used as positive control and exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 12.6 ± 3.0 and 18.2 ± 4.0 μg/mL against A549 and MDA-MB231, respectively (data not shown). Results are expressed as cell growth (% of control) ± standard deviation of three replicates.