Antihyperlipidemic effect of aqueous extract of Plumbago zeylanica roots in diet-induced hyperlipidemic rat

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Effect of high fat diet on serum lipid profile in rats at the end of 10 days of induction period. Bars represents mean ± SEM of the concentration (mg dL⁻¹) of each of the parameters on day 0 (basal value) and day 10 (induction value) for the 36 rats included in the study. *p < 0.05, induction values compared against basal values. TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL – C, high density lipoprotein – cholesterol.

Table 1.  Effect of aqueous extract of Plumbago zeylanica roots on serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-C), and athero index in diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats after 15 days of treatment.

Group	Treatment	Total cholesterol (mg dL^−1)	Triglyceride (mg dL^−1)	HDL-C (mg dL^−1)	Athero index
1	Pellet diet control	83.26 ± 4.98	91.68 ± 16.88	31.35 ± 2.85	1.74 ± 0.2
2	HFD control	866.16 ± 204.3^#	458.74 ± 55.23^#	42.38 ± 4.34	16.77 ± 4.94^#
3	Atorvastatin (8 mg kg^−1p.o.)	386.75 ± 52.43*	225.54 ± 25.6*	38.16 ± 6.98	9.49 ± 1.82
4	Fenofibrate (20 mg kg^−1 p.o.)	169.3 ± 4.7*	123.87 ± 58.44*	47.1 ± 11.37	2.72 ± 0.38*
5	Aqueous extract (20 mg kg^−1 p.o.)	478.12 ± 91.03	244.4 ± 67.84*	54.74 ± 16.64	8.34 ± 1.67
6	Aqueous extract (40 mg kg^−1 p.o.)	396.87 ± 74.78*	271.88 ± 32.46*	48.47 ± 20.48	10.20 ± 4.17
7	Aqueous extract (80 mg kg^−1 p.o.)	273.72 ± 42.62*	285.62 ± 41*	31.79 ± 8.74	8.29 ± 1.88

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 6 for each group, ^#p < 0.05 compared with pellet diet control, *p < 0.05 compared with high fat diet control.

Figure 2.  Effect of aqueous extract of Plumbago zeylanica roots on fecal cholesterol excretion (mg/g) after 15 days of treatment. Bars represent mean ± SEM from n = 6. ^#p < 0.05 comparison between pellet diet control and high fat diet control. *p < 0.05 comparison with high fat diet control. PD, pellet diet control; HFD, high fat diet control; AQ – 20, aqueous extract 20 mg kg⁻¹; AQ – 40, aqueous extract 40 mg kg⁻¹; AQ – 80, aqueous extract 80 mg kg⁻¹.

Figure 3.  Effect of aqueous extract of Plumbago zeylanica roots on hepatic HMGCoA reductase activity after 15 days of treatment. Bars represent mean ± SEM from n = 6. ^#p < 0.05 comparison between pellet diet control and high fat diet control. *p < 0.05 comparison with high fat diet control. PD, pellet diet control; HFD, high fat diet control; ATORVA, atorvastatin 8 mg kg ⁻¹; AQ – 20, aqueous extract 20 mg kg⁻¹; AQ – 40, aqueous extract 40 mg kg⁻¹; AQ – 80, aqueous extract 80 mg kg⁻¹.

Figure 4.  Effect of aqueous extract of Plumbago zeylanica roots on hepatic total lipid content (w/w) after 15 days of treatment. Bars represent mean ± SEM from n = 6. ^#p < 0.05 comparison between pellet diet control and high fat diet control. *p < 0.05 comparison with high fat diet control. PD, pellet diet control; HFD, high fat diet control; ATORVA, atorvastatin 8 mg kg⁻¹; FENO, fenofibrate 20 mg kg⁻¹; AQ – 20, aqueous extract 20 mg kg⁻¹; AQ – 40, aqueous extract 40 mg kg⁻¹; AQ – 80, aqueous extract 80 mg kg⁻¹.