Tamarix gallica ameliorates thioacetamide–induced hepatic oxidative stress and hyperproliferative response in Wistar rats

Figures & data

Table I.  Effect of prophylactic treatment of animals with Tamarix gallica on TAA-induced alterations in hepatic glutathione content, glutathione metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes.

Treatment group	GSH (nmol GSH/g tissue)	Glutathione S-transferase (nmol CDNB conjugate formed/min/mg protein)	Glutathione peroxidase (nmol NADPH oxidized/min/mg protein	Xanthine oxidane (ug uric acid formed/mg protein)
Saline-treated control (0.9% NaCl)	0.520 ± 0.040	492.58 ± 25.3	630.78 ± 12.64	0.1216 ± 0.083
TAA alone (6.6 mmol/kg body wt.in  0.9%NaCl)	0.230 ± 0.053*	710.75 ± 24.6^**	416.26 ± 7.07^**	0.483 ± 0.036*
T.gallica (25 mg/kg body wt.) + TAA  (6.6 mmol/kg body wt. in 0.9% NaCl)	0.319 ± 0.028^#	626.32 ± 28.5^####	457.22 ± 6.07^##	0.316 ± 0.080^#
T.gallica (50 mg/kg body wt.) + TAA  (6.6 mmol/kg body wt. in 0.9% NaCl)	0.467 ± 0.0163^##	517.29 ± 15.0^###	536.62 ± 3.11^###	0.195 ± 0.021^###
T.gallica alone (50 mg/kg body wt.)	0.526 ± 0.015	429.46 ± 36.6	670.77 ± 12.64	0.128 ± 0.094

Each value represents means ± S.E.; n = 6.

*P < 0.01 and

^**P < 0.001 compared to corresponding value for saline treated control.

^#P < 0.1,

^##P < 0.01,

^###P < 0.001 and

^####P < 0.5, compared with the corresponding value for treatment with thioacetamide.

Table II.  Effect of prophylactic treatment of animals with Tamarix gallica on TAA-mediated alterations in hepatic lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide content and superoxide dismutase enzyme.

Treatment group	Lipid peroxidation (nmol TBARS formed/h/g tissue)	Hydrogen peroxide content (nmol H2O2/g formed)	Superoxide dismutase (uM epinephrine oxidized /min/mg protein)
Saline-treated control  (0.9% NaCl)	2.94 ± 0.053	290.7 ± 21.8	141.04 ± 26.4
TAA alone (6.6 mmol/kg  body wt.in 0.9%NaCl)	4.27 ± 0.109*	659.4 ± 8.81*	80.52 ± 4.87*
T.gallica (25 mg/kg body wt.) + TAA  (6.6 mmol/kg body wt. in 0.9% NaCl)	3.82 ± 0.223^#	469.4 ± 11.7^###	95.65 ± 5.58^#
T.gallica (50 mg/kg body wt.) + TAA  (6.6 mmol/kg body wt. in 0.9% NaCl)	2.58 ± 0.010^###	343.5 ± 11.9^###	105.45 ± 9.16^##
T.gallica alone (50 mg/kg body wt.)	2.12 ± 0.119	260.8 ± 8.41	139.57 ± 10.42

Each value represents means ± S.E.; n = 6.

*P < 0.001 compared to corresponding value for saline treated control. ^#P < 0.1, ^##P < 0.05 and

^###P < 0.001 compared with the corresponding value for treatment with thioacetamide.

Figure 1 (A) Effect of pretreatment of rats with Tamarix gallica (TG) on thioacetamide (TAA) mediated enhancement in serum oxaloacetate and pyruvate transaminase (GOT and GPT). (B) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase activity (GGT) activity in rats. (Each value represents means ± S.E.; n = 6. *P < 0.001 compared to corresponding value for saline treated control. ^#P < 0.1, ^##P < 0.01 and ^###P < 0.001 compared with the corresponding value for treatment with thioacetamide. TG -25 and TG- 50 represent oral administration of Tamarix gallica of 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight respectively.

Figure 2 (A) Effect of pretreatment of rats with Tamarix gallica (TG) on thioacetamide (TAA)-mediated enhancement in (A) ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and (B) ³H incorporation in hepatic DNA in rats. (Each value represents means ± S.E.; n = 6.*P < 0.001 compared to corresponding value for saline treated control. ^#P < 0.05 and ^##P < 0.001 compared with the corresponding value for treatment with thioacetamide. TG -25 and TG -50 represent oral administration of Tamarix gallica of 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight respectively.