Mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes with early preterm severe preeclampsia: does fetal growth restriction matter?

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics among pregnant individuals undergoing induction of labor for severe preeclampsia ≤ 34 weeks, with and without fetal growth restriction (FGR).

Variables	With FGR (N = 42)	Without FGR (N = 117)	p Value
Maternal age (years)	33 (30.5–37.1)	33 (26.3–36.9)	.09
Nulliparous	62% (26)	62% (72)	>.99
Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2)	38% (16)	33% (39)	.58
In vitro fertilization pregnancy	5% (2)	13% (15)	.24
Chronic hypertension	29% (12)	46% (54)	.07
Tobacco use	7% (3)	3% (4)	.38
GA at diagnosis of SPE (weeks)	31 (29.1–33.1)	33 (31.1–33.9)	.003
EFW percentile on last US	3 (1–4)	42 (25–70)	<.001
GA at delivery (weeks)	33 (29.6–34.0)	34 (33.3–34.4)	<.001

Data are presented as n (%) for categorical variables and median (interquartile range) for non-parametric continuous variables.

BMI: body mass index; GA: gestational age; EFW: estimated fetal weight; US: ultrasound.

Table 2. Mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes among pregnant individuals undergoing induction of labor for severe preeclampsia ≤ 34 weeks, with and without fetal growth restriction (FGR).

Outcome	With FGR (N = 42)	Without FGR (N = 117)	p Value
Vaginal delivery	67% (28)	70% (81)	.70
5-minute Apgar score < 5	8% (3)	2% (2)	.10
UA base deficit ≥ 12	0% (0)	1% (1)	>.99
UA pH < 7.20	16% (4)	11% (11)	.50
Respiratory distress syndrome	61% (22)	39% (45)	.02
Intraventricular hemorrhage	6% (2)	9% (10)	.73
Necrotizing enterocolitis	0% (0)	3% (3)	>.99
Neonatal sepsis	3% (1)	3% (3)	>.99
Neonatal demise	3% (1)	0% (0)	.24
Neonatal length of stay (days)	22 (16.5–45)	15 (9–25)	.003
Birth weight (grams)	1290 (1030–1585)	2155 (1840–2326)	<.001
Small for gestational age^a	68% (25)	8% (9)	<.001

Data are presented as n (%) for categorical variables and median (interquartile range) for non-parametric continuous variables.

UA: umbilical artery.

^aDefined as birth weight < 10th percentile for gestational age and neonatal sex.